Development of Rice Varieties for Whole Crop Silage (WCS) in Japan

Katô, Hiroshi

doi:10.6090/jarq.42.231

Cited by 48 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The superior growth after transplanting might be attributed to their higher seedling dry weight (not shown) due to the large amount of accumulated carbohydrates at the time of transplanting (Honda and Usuda, 1959). The seedling vigor in these varieties might be associated with their grain size, which was much larger than the commercial cultivars (Kato, 2008), because the endosperm nutrients serve as a source for growth during the early seedling period (Sasaki, 2004). Murakami et al (1982) reported that seedlings with greater leaf number or greater ratio of shoot dry weight to length showed vigorous growth early after transplanting at low temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is not yet known whether SCI can explain genotypic differences in biomass productivity at low temperatures. On the other hand, whereas most of the high-yielding indica varieties are the semi-dwarf type, the recently released high-yielding japonica varieties developed not only to provide food for humans but also as livestock forage have long culms (Kato, 2008). Few studies have sought to evaluate the early growth of these high-yielding japonica varieties with different seedling characteristics compared to the semi-dwarf indica genotypes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Varietal Differences in Biomass Production of Rice Early After Transplanting at Low Temperatures

Ohsumi¹,

Furuhata²,

Matsumura³

2012

Plant Production Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Varietal Differences in Biomass Production of Rice Early After Transplanting at Low Temperatures

Ohsumi¹,

Furuhata²,

Matsumura³

2012

Plant Production Science

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“…In 2009, approximately 10,000 ha of forage rice was in cultivation. Over a dozen forage rice cultivars with high dry matter yield have been released and are grown commercially (Kato 2008, Sakai et al 2003, 2008.…”

Section: Background To Breeding Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

'Tachisuzuka', a new rice cultivar with high straw yield and high sugar content for whole-crop silage use

et al. 2011

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'Tachisuzuka' is a new rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar for whole-crop silage (WCS) use. Agronomic characters were recorded from 2007 to 2009. The culm length of Tachisuzuka was 11 cm longer than that of Kusanohoshi. The short panicle of Tachisuzuka was morphologically similar to that of the short panicle 1 (sp1) mutant. Tachisuzuka exhibited high lodging resistance in the yellow ripening stage, the optimal period for harvesting, and a month after yellow ripening. The straw yield of Tachisuzuka was remarkably higher than that of Kusanohoshi but its grain yield was lower. A portion of grains are undigested and excreted in feces by cattle fed with rice WCS, and this loss of nutrients should not be disregarded. The low grain/straw ratio of Tachisuzuka indicates that the loss of nutrients in cattle fed with Tachisuzuka WCS should be lower than with Kusanohoshi WCS. Low sugar content of rice plants is considered a cause of silage deterioration. The sugar content of Tachisuzuka was markedly higher than that of Kusanohoshi.

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“…While many paddy fields are fallow due to the overproduction of rice, the cultivation of livestock feed in paddy fields could improve the feed self-sufficiency ratio and make their use more effective. From this perspective, in Japan, paddy rice varieties for WCS have frequently been developed and used 3 . In Kyushu, located in southern Japan, rice and livestock have been raised in warm weather.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding of Paddy Rice Varieties for Animal Feed in Warm Regions of Japan

Tamura

Kataoka

Tamura

et al. 2012

JARQ

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IntroductionIn Japan, the feed self-sufficiency ratio is only 25%, meaning there is considerable dependence on imports. However, their unstable prices and the need to improve the feed self-sufficiency ratio has boosted demand for domestic feed, hence the area of paddy field cultivated for feed has soared. In 1995, the area of paddy field used for WCS was only 23ha, but in 2010, the equivalent figure exceeded 15000ha, representing a more than 650-fold increase over fifteen years. In 2004, the area of paddy field used for grain feed was only 44ha, but reached 14000ha in 2010, an increase of more than 300 times in six years. While many paddy fields are fallow due to the overproduction of rice, the cultivation of livestock feed in paddy fields could improve the feed self-sufficiency ratio and make their use more effective. From this perspective, in Japan, paddy rice varieties for WCS have frequently been developed and used 3 . In Kyushu, located in southern Japan, rice and livestock have been raised in warm weather. The area of paddy fields cultivated for rice WCS in Kyushu accounts for 50% of its entire cultivated area in Japan and there is a high demand for domestic feed. There are various rice cultivation systems, such as the early-planting of culture and dual-crop system combined with wheat, barley and rushes, to meet the increasing demand for domestic WCS feed and grain feed, and there is a need to develop a rice variety adaptable for rice cultivation in this area. Moreover, other necessary traits for paddy rice for animal feed include high overall crop yields and grains, lodging resistance and disease and insect resistance.Here, we cite the traits of four WCS and one grain feed variety developed in the Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center (KARC) and discuss the traits required for rice feed in future and the direction of breeding in this area. MethodsTo develop paddy rice varieties for WCS and grain feed, we conducted a yield trial involving the transplant of three different cropping types and direct seeding in flooded lowland fields at the KARC, Chikugo, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. A summary of this cultivation management is shown in AbstractIn the Kyushu region, located in southern Japan, the area of paddy rice cultivated for whole-crop silage (WCS) and grain feed is increasing rapidly and has exceeded 8,000ha. At the Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center (KARC), various paddy rice varieties for WCS and grain feed have been developed in response to cultivation types in this region. "Makimizuho" is a WCS variety featuring early maturity and enabling cultivation in a dual-crop system. "Mogumoguaoba" is a variety with strong culm and high yield, making it usable for both WCS and grain feed. "Tachiaoba" is a high-yield variety for WCS with late maturity. "Ruriaoba" shows superior productivity under twice-harvested cultivation. "Mizuhochikara" is a variety with high grain yield and superior lodging resistance. These varieties are expected to help boost the feed self-sufficiency ratio in Kyushu. dual-...

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Development of Rice Varieties for Whole Crop Silage (WCS) in Japan

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

Varietal Differences in Biomass Production of Rice Early After Transplanting at Low Temperatures

Varietal Differences in Biomass Production of Rice Early After Transplanting at Low Temperatures

'Tachisuzuka', a new rice cultivar with high straw yield and high sugar content for whole-crop silage use

Breeding of Paddy Rice Varieties for Animal Feed in Warm Regions of Japan

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