Development of semi-industrial synthesis of calcium polysulfide solution and determination of the content of sulfide ions in solution

Levchenko, L. M.; Galitskii, A. A.; Kosenko, V. V.; Sagidullin, A. K.

doi:10.1134/s1070427215090049

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this research, liquid-lime sulfur mixture was synthesized as referred to the method used in agricultural [18] and industrial-grade quicklime, sulphur powder, and distilled water were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:10 and a little surfactant was added and heated up to 100 • C for 1 h to synthesize calcium polysulfide. Chromium, lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium aqueous samples with concentrations of 5 mg/L and 100 mg/L were prepared by diluting various metal standard solutions (metal in 5% HNO 3 , Merck) with groundwater for testing.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CaS x is volatile and of an unstable nature especially in aqueous solutions or exposed to air [7,11,18]. Long-chained polysulfides were stable in high pH, tended to breakdown into shorter-chained species when the pH was lower than the pKa value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At pH values less than 8.0, S 5 −2 , S 4 −2 , and H 2 S became the dominant species [7,11,19]. The calcium polysulfide solution was only stable in the concentrated form because a precipitate of finely dispersed sulfur was formed in 10 days in a dilution solution (<2g/L of sulfide ions) [18]. Calcium polysulfide, also called lime sulfur, was used in the form of liquid-lime sulfur (LLS), which was commonly used for insecticides in agricultural industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcium polysulfide, also called lime sulfur, was used in the form of liquid-lime sulfur (LLS), which was commonly used for insecticides in agricultural industries. This was prepared for by the combination of CaO, elemental sulphur with water heating at 100 • C by the reaction [7,18]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, and Cadmium-Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide

Huang

Cheng

Chang

et al. 2021

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metal contamination in groundwater often occurs in various industrial processes. Studies have confirmed that polysulfide could reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, achieving the effect of in situ stabilization. For other metal contamination in groundwater, whether polysulfide also had a stabilizing ability to achieve in situ remediation. This research focused on metals in addition to chromium that often contaminated groundwater, including lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium, to explore the feasibility of using calcium polysulfide (CaSx) as an in situ stabilization technology for these metals’ contamination of groundwater. Results showed that CaSx had a great removal efficiency for metals lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium. However, for nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium, when CaSx was added excessively, complexes would be formed, causing the result of re-dissolution, in turn reducing the removal efficiency. As it is difficult to accurately control the dosage of agents for in situ groundwater remediation, the concentration of re-dissolved nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium may not be able to meet the groundwater control standards. CaSx had high lead removal efficiency and for a concentration of 100 mg/L, the dose of calcium polysulfide was more than the amount of 1/1200 (volume ratio of CaSx to groundwater). In addition, the removal rate was almost 100% and it would not cause re-dissolution due to excessive CaSx dosing. CaSx can be used as an in situ stabilization technique for lead-contaminated groundwater.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, and Cadmium-Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide

Huang

Cheng

Chang

et al. 2021

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The tested soil stabilization amendment CaS x was prepared according to the method modified from Levchenko et al (2015). Briefly, CaO, S and distilled water were mixed (1:2:15) and heated at 100°C for 2 h to produce the CaS x by the following reaction:…”

Section: Preparation Of the Soil Stabilization Amendment Cas Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilizing effects on a Cd polluted coastal wetland soil using calcium polysulphide

Guan

Sun

et al. 2018

Geoderma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, different dosages of calcium polysulphide (CaS x) were used as an amendment to investigate effects on the immobilizing of Cd in a wetland soil by pot experiment. In addition to chemical analysis (pH and bioavailable Cd concentration), changes in soil enzyme activities, microbial carbon utilization capacity, metabolic and community diversity were examined to assess dynamic impacts on soil environmental quality and toxicity of Cd resulting from ameliorant dosing. Soil pH increased immediately upon CaS x amendment compared to the unamended control (CK), and then declined slowly to a level lower than CK. Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Cd concentration was determined to characterize the bioavailability of Cd in the soil. The CaS x dose-dependent effect observed that with increasing CaS x dosage, the immobilizing efficiency decreased. Soil urease and catalase activity assays and Biolog EcoPlate assay indicated that early stage addition of CaS x significantly inhibited soil microbial activities. However, mid and late stage time periods showed the inhibition effects were alleviated, and the microbial activities could be recovered in 1% and 2% CaS x treatments. Moreover, with increasing incubation time, microbial community diversity and richness were significantly recovered in 1% and 2% CaS x treatments compared to the CK. No considerable changes were observed in the 5% CaS x treatment. Conclusively, the 1% CaS x amendment was an efficient and safe dosage for the stabilization of Cd contaminated wetland soil. This study contributes to the development of in situ remediation ameliorants and technologies for heavy metal polluted wetland soils.

show abstract

Calcium polysulphide, its applications and emerging risk of environmental pollution—a review article

Dahlawi

Siddiqui

2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Easy availability, preparation technique, and economic value make calcium polysulphide (CaS ) a very useful inorganic chemical for various field and industrial applications. In this article, disparate applications of CaS solution have been reviewed to suggest potential and future consolidation. This article also encompasses the physiochemical properties and production of CaS solution, with critical appraisal on research focusing on CaS application in agriculture industries and removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from the environment. The kinetics of CaS , technical issues associated with optimization of its dosage and environmental fate is also discussed in detail. This study covers almost all of the peer-reviewed research that has been performed since 1914. Some of the critiques in this article include the lack of integration between the exposure effect and the efficiency of treatment method, effects of oxidizing environments on the long-term performance of CaS solution, and kinetics of CaS solution with the PTEs. The working model of CaS with PTEs is still system dependent, and therefore cannot be used with other applications. The kinetics of CaS is described in detail with various phase stoichiometric reactions. Environmental fate is discussed based on applications, government reports, peer-reviewed articles and kinetics of CaS , which provides a clear picture of emerging contaminants in the environment in relation to the insect resistance and ecotoxicology. Real time, lab based research articles are needed to identify toxicity limits of CaS in environment in order to describe its effective permissible limit in environmental system. This review article provides a risk assessment of environmental pollution by CaS based on its physicochemical characteristic, stoichiometry, kinetics, field, and industrial applications.

show abstract

Development of semi-industrial synthesis of calcium polysulfide solution and determination of the content of sulfide ions in solution

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, and Cadmium-Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide

Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, and Cadmium-Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide

Stabilizing effects on a Cd polluted coastal wetland soil using calcium polysulphide

Calcium polysulphide, its applications and emerging risk of environmental pollution—a review article

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About