Development of Sequence Tagged Site and Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence Markers for Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Gene Yr5

Abstract

The Yr5 gene confers resistance to all races of the wheat stripe rust pathogen [Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks. (P. s. tritici)] identified so far in the USA. Cosegregating resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) markers for Yr5 are available but their use requires skills in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and may not be polymorphic across various varieties. To develop better markers to be used in marker‐assisted selection for the Yr5 resistance, sequence tagged site (STS) primers were designed on the basis of the sequences of RGAP markers Xwgp‐18 (AY167598) from the spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ‘Avocet Susceptible’ (AVS) and Xwgp‐17 (AY167597) from the Yr5 near isogenic line (NIL) in the AVS background carrying the Yr5 gene from T. aestivum subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. cv. Album (TSA). Three sets of STS markers (two codominant and one dominant) were developed to amplify a region including a polymorphic 6‐base pairs (bp) insertion–deletion (indel). The cosegregation of the STS markers with Yr5 was confirmed with 114 BC7:F3 lines developed from the cross between AVS and TSA. The STS markers worked well in five out of 17 non‐Yr5 wheat varieties, but the remaining varieties had a similar size of fragment to the Yr5 marker. Because the codominant STS markers were based on a 6‐bp indel, they could not be separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were then developed on the basis of a DpnII restriction site that is present in all non‐Yr5 varieties and absent in the Yr5 NIL. The CAPS markers for the Yr5 NIL and non‐Yr5 varieties can be separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The codominant STS markers are easier to score than the original RGAP markers. The CAPS markers are not only easier to score, but also can be used in crosses of an Yr5 donor with a much wider range of wheat germplasms. These markers should be valuable tools to accelerate the introgression of Yr5 into commercial cultivars and to combine Yr5 with other genes for durable resistance to stripe rust.

Molecular Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene Yr76 in Winter Club Wheat Cultivar Tyee

“…As Yr76 is race-specific, it should not be used alone. Therefore, combinations of this gene with other widely effective all-stage resistance genes such as Yr5, Yr15, Yr45, Yr53, Yr61, Yr64, Yr65, and YrSP (Chen et al 2003;Feng et al 2015;Li et al 2010;Murphy et al 2009;Xu et al 2013;Zhou et al 2014a), and/or with genes for HTAP resistance such as Yr36, Yr39, Yr52, Yr59, Yr62, and many temporarily named QTL (Carter et al 2009;Chen 2013;Chen 2007, 2009;Lu et al 2014;Ren et al 2012;Uauy et al 2005;Zhou et al 2014b) are recommended.…”

Assessment of genes controlling Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for stripe rust (P. Striiformis F. Sp. Tritici) in two wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) crosses

“…Based on a joint scaling test, while conducting studies on gene action regarding durable, high temperature, adult plant (HTAP) resistance for stripe rust in parental, F1, F2 and backcross popu lations for some crosses in wheat, [24] reported the involvement of epistasis in controlling AUDPC with significant additive additive component. Using generation mean analysis, [25] has reported additive dominance model (absence of epistasis) digenic epistasis with predominant additive gene effect, significant «i» type and «l» type of epistatic interaction for powdery mildew in different cross es of wheat.…”

Identification of Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Genes in Iranian Wheat Cultivars Using Molecular Markers

“…By investigating two codominant STS primers; YrSTS7/8 and YrSTS9/10 in 114 BC 7 F 3 lines, Chen et al [33] concluded that these markers are completely linked to Yr5. In another study, Zhang et al [45] applied the YrSTS9/10 marker in a number of isogenic lines (NILs), and found allelic relation between Yr5 and Yr7.…”

“…Based on epidemiological studies, Yr5 is effective against all rust virulent races in North America [11,33,47] and Iran [48]. This gene is known to show high levels of resistance to stripe rust in China [47,49] and Turkey [50].…”

“…These markers produce simple and reproducible patterns on agarose or poly-acrylamide gel. Some STS markers reported for Yr genes include YrSTS (7,8), YrSTS (9,10) and S19M93-140 for Yr5 [33,34], Yr10 [35] and CYS-5 for Yr26 [36]. In most cases, STS markers are codominant and allow the distinction of hetorozygotes from homozygotes.…”