Development of Sex-linked Primers in Garden Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)

Nakayama, Hokuto; Ito, Takuro; Hayashi, Yuko; Sonoda, Takaaki; Fukuda, Tatsuya; Ochiai, Tetsuyuki; Kameya, Toshiaki; Kanno, Akira

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.56.327

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, detailed genetic maps are available in few dioecious plants. In dioecious crop, most work has aimed at finding reliable fully sex-linked markers, even anonymous ones such as AFLP markers, to allow individuals to be sexed before maturity, with potentially important cost savings for long-lived crop plants, including papaya (Liu et al 2004), poplar (Gunter et al 2003;Yin et al 2008), and asparagus (Nakayama et al 2006;Telgmann-Rauber et al 2007). …”

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Expansion of the Pseudo-autosomal Region and Ongoing Recombination Suppression in the Silene latifolia Sex Chromosomes

Bergero

Qiu

Forrest³

et al. 2013

Genetics

122

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There are two very interesting aspects to the evolution of sex chromosomes: what happens after recombination between these chromosome pairs stops and why suppressed recombination evolves. The former question has been intensively studied in a diversity of organisms, but the latter has been studied largely theoretically. To obtain empirical data, we used codominant genic markers in genetic mapping of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia, together with comparative mapping of S. latifolia sex-linked genes in S. vulgaris (a related hermaphrodite species without sex chromosomes). We mapped 29 S. latifolia fully sex-linked genes (including 21 newly discovered from transcriptome sequencing), plus 6 genes in a recombining pseudo-autosomal region (PAR) whose genetic map length is 25 cM in both male and female meiosis, suggesting that the PAR may contain many genes. Our comparative mapping shows that most fully sex-linked genes in S. latifolia are located on a single S. vulgaris linkage group and were probably inherited from a single autosome of an ancestor. However, unexpectedly, our maps suggest that the S. latifolia PAR region expanded through translocation events. Some genes in these regions still recombine in S. latifolia, but some genes from both addition events are now fully sex-linked. Recombination suppression is therefore still ongoing in S. latifolia, and multiple recombination suppression events have occurred in a timescale of few million years, much shorter than the timescale of formation of the most recent evolutionary strata of mammal and bird sex chromosomes. It is now understood that the large nonrecombining regions of sex chromosomes in mammals have expanded over evolutionary time, forming "evolutionary strata" with differing levels of sequence divergence between X-and Y-gene pairs, from ancient highly diverged regions, to regions in which the genes started diverging much more recently, which are located closest to the pseudo-autosomal region (PAR) on the X chromosome genetic and physical maps (Lahn and Page 1999;Skaletsky et al. 2003;Marais et al. 2008). The more recent evolutionary strata were formed by recombination suppression in regions formed by an addition of autosomal genetic material to the sex chromosomes (Waters et al. 2001), demonstrating that suppressed recombination spread from the ancestral sex chromosomal region into initially recombining regions. The PAR is shared across Eutherian mammals (despite differences in its boundary and the recent addition of a second PAR, PAR2, in humans), which is a physically small remnant of the added region, which is still autosomal in marsupials (Waters et al. 2001).The major current explanation for the evolution of expanded nonrecombining regions of sex chromosomes is

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confidence: 99%

Expansion of the Pseudo-autosomal Region and Ongoing Recombination Suppression in the Silene latifolia Sex Chromosomes

Bergero

Qiu

Forrest³

et al. 2013

Genetics

122

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“…It is therefore desirable to promptly obtain aseptic female and male donors. Recently, sex-linked primers in asparagus have been developed for identifying sex at an early developmental stage (Jamsari et al, 2004;Nakayama et al, 2006), and the method includes some kind of stress that might affect the biosynthesis and dynamics of allelochemicals when total DNA is isolated from tissues. The successful early in vitro flowering of asparagus intact seedlings expressing individual sexes has been reported, although the sex expression of the seeds used was unknown.…”

Section: Allelopathic Activity Of In Vitro Flowering Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Allelopathic Activities in Female and Male Individuals of Asparagus Seedlings and Regenerants

Watanabe

Kuchi-ishi

Nakashima

et al. 2011

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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An aseptic bioassay utilizing female and male donor materials was performed in order to assess the allelopathic activities of cladophylls and root systems in dioecious asparagus. The aseptic sandwich method revealed that the growth of acceptor plants was significantly inhibited by the addition of over 30 mg fresh weight of cladophylls. When female and male cladophylls were separately adopted for the sandwich method, there was no sexual difference in the allelopathic activity of both youthful and senescent cladophylls. To detect the allelopathic effects of root systems, the plant box method employing female and male regenerants was used aseptically, and the growth of acceptor plants was seriously inhibited irrespective of sex expression in donor plants. Early in vitro flowering seedlings expressing individual sex were effectively used for the bioassay, and the results indicated that the degree of allelopathic activities was the same as that in regenerants. These results show that allelopathic activity in female and male plants was equivalent, and that the application of materials that can distinguish between the sexes would be useful for assaying the mutual effects of sexuality on allelopathy. The aseptic bioassay system that employed female and male materials presented here could promote the isolation and identification of allelochemicals.

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“…Jamsari et al (2004) developed a dominant sex-linked marker (Asp1-T7) for a single commercial cultivar. Nakayama et al (2006) adapted this marker for all commercial cultivars, and Kubota et al (2012) showed that this sex-linked marker can be used to distinguish between male (present band) and female (absent band) genotypes in species closely related to A. officinalis. A co-dominant, sex-linked marker would allow direct identification of "supermales" without test crosses; however, to date, there are no validated markers with these characteristics.…”

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“…PCR was conducted with the primers designed by Nakayama et al (2006) (Asp1-T7spf and Asp1-T7spr). A partial sequence (AODEF-Taq1) of 97 bp within AODEF, a Bfunctional MADS-box gene (accession no.…”

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Short communication. Employment of molecular markers to develop tetraploid “supermale” asparagus from andromonoecious plants of the landrace ‘Morado de Huétor’

Regalado

Gil

Castro

et al. 2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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The aim of this work was the development of new “supermale” genotypes retaining the highest genetic diversity possible of the tetraploid asparagus landrace ‘Morado de Huétor’. The elite andromonoecious male HT664 of the ‘Morado de Huétor’ asparagus landrace and the andromonoecious hybrid male HC027, obtained by crossing between this landrace and a commercial cultivar of Asparagus officinalis, were selected for self-pollination to produce possible “supermales” with genes of ‘Morado de Huétor’ (SMHT). To confirm the hybrid nature of HC027, we characterized this genotype with EST-SSR (Expressed Sequence Tag-derived Simple Sequence Repeats) markers. We also adopted the sex-linked marker Asp1-T7 for sex determination in ‘Morado de Huétor’ and the resulting hybrids between this landrace and other commercial cultivars. Asp1-T7 marker was used for the selection and genotyping of SMHT. “All-male” cultivars with a different genetic background can be generated by crossing females with these new “supermale” genotypes, and the agronomical traits of these new cultivars would be very different from the “all-male” cultivars currently available in the market, making them extremely interesting for asparagus breeding programs.

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Development of Sex-linked Primers in Garden Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Expansion of the Pseudo-autosomal Region and Ongoing Recombination Suppression in the Silene latifolia Sex Chromosomes

Expansion of the Pseudo-autosomal Region and Ongoing Recombination Suppression in the Silene latifolia Sex Chromosomes

Assessment of Allelopathic Activities in Female and Male Individuals of Asparagus Seedlings and Regenerants

Short communication. Employment of molecular markers to develop tetraploid “supermale” asparagus from andromonoecious plants of the landrace ‘Morado de Huétor’

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