Development of Shell-and-Tube Type Ceramic Heat Exchanger for CGT301

Yoshimura, Yukihiro; Itoh, Katsunori; Ohhori, Kunio; Hori, Masayoshi; Hattori, Mitsuru; Yoshida, Toshihiro; Watanabe, Keiichiro

doi:10.1115/95-gt-208

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The heat removed from the combustor gases is used to heat the SO 3 -rich gas exiting the converter, increasing the work generated by the expander using a heat exchanger as shown in Figure 3. Theoretical research (Juhasz, 2010;Paeng et al, 2010) and development efforts (Yoshimura et al, 1995) suggest that a ceramic heat exchanger can meet these requirements. Based on this work in ceramic materials and supported by the upper temperature range of an existing system detailed in Banerjee et al (2015), we develop a system as follows.…”

Section: 1002/2018ea000370mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing heat exchanger systems for turbine applications utilize silicon nitride, which have favorable thermal and mechanical properties for our operating temperature range and thermal gradients. We calculate that a silicon nitride shell-tube recuperator based on the design of Yoshimura et al (1995) could achieve a heat transfer coefficient U = 170-180 J · s À1 · m À2 K. Applying these parameters to the 0.3 kg S/s Figure 3. Process flow diagram of proposed SO 3 production system.…”

Section: 1002/2018ea000370mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Sulfates Onboard an Aircraft: Implications for the Cost and Feasibility of Stratospheric Solar Geoengineering

Smith

Dykema

Keith

2018

Earth and Space Science

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Injection of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere, a form of solar geoengineering, has been proposed as a means to reduce some climatic changes by decreasing net anthropogenic radiative forcing. The cost and technical feasibility of forming aerosols with the appropriate size distribution are uncertain. We examine the possibility of producing the relevant sulfur species, SO2 or SO3, by in situ conversion from elemental sulfur onboard an aircraft. We provide a first‐order engineering analysis of an open cycle chemical plant for in situ sulfur to sulfate conversion using a Brayton cycle combustor and a catalytic converter. We find that such a plant could have sufficiently low mass that the overall requirement for mass transport to the lower stratosphere may be reduced by roughly a factor of 2. All else equal, this suggests that—for a given radiative forcing—the cost of delivering sulfate aerosols may be nearly halved. Beyond reducing cost, the use of elemental sulfur reduces operational health and safety risks and should therefore reduce environmental side effects associated with delivery. Reduction in cost is not necessarily beneficial as it reduces practical barriers to deployment, increasing the urgency of questions concerning the efficacy, risks, and governance of solar geoengineering.

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Section: 1002/2018ea000370mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1002/2018ea000370mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Sulfates Onboard an Aircraft: Implications for the Cost and Feasibility of Stratospheric Solar Geoengineering

Smith

Dykema

Keith

2018

Earth and Space Science

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“…For this unit, advantage probably could be taken of work on ceramic heat exchangers for gas turbine recuperators, which is aimed at turbine inlet temperatures in the range of I350°C (2462°F). In one example [Yoshimura, et al, 1995], SN-84 SiC was used for the tubes and tube-sheet, and a simple design was employed which involved straight ceramic tubes and a clamping arrangement using a compliant layer between the ceramic tubesheet and the metallic headers. One end of the ceramic tube bundle was free to elongate and rotate to accommodate changes caused by variation in heat distribution.…”

Section: Auxiliary Fired Heater/topping Combustormentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Issues for High-Temperature Components in Indirectly-Fired Cycles

Wright

Stringer

1997

Volume 2: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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Indirectly-fired cycles provide one means of using a fuel other than natural gas or distillates of various purities to generate power using a gas turbine. In a closed cycle, the fuel typically is used to heat a clean working fluid which is then expanded through a gas turbine, after which it is cooled and recompressed before being recirculated through the heating circuit. In an open cycle, the heated working fluid (usually air) is exhausted to the atmosphere after expansion in the turbine and passage through heat recovery devices. In both cases, the temperature of the working fluid may be boosted before entry to the turbine by supplementary firing of a premium fuel such as natural gas in a topping combustor. A major advantage of such indirectly-fired cycles is that the concerns arising from the use of a dirty fuel in other advanced cycles are confined to the fireside surfaces of the heat exchange equipment, whereas the gas turbine is exposed to a relatively benign environment. One limitation of such systems is that the emissions problems are the same as for a conventional coal-fired boiler although, on an power output-normalized basis, the emissions from an indirectly-fired cycle may be lower. The requirements of the potential candidate materials for the various components in the circuit are discussed, and the critical issues for each are identified.

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“…It has been developed by Ishikawajima-Harirna Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. in collaboration with NGK Insulators, Ltd. and NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. [Ref. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In order to achieve the target of the project, R & D of engine and component ( i.e. turbine, compressor, combustor and heat exchanger) technology is indispensable, as well as R & D on heat resistant ceramic components.…”

Section: I -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of the Development of the CGT301, a 300 KW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine

Mikami

Tanaka

Tatsuzawa

et al. 1996

Volume 2: Aircraft Engine; Marine; Microturbines and Small Turbomachinery

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The CGT301 ceramic gas turbine is being developed under a contract from NEDO as a part of the New Sunshine Program of MTTI to improve the performance of gas turbines for cogeneration through the replacement of hot section components with ceramic parts. The project is conducted in three phases. The project currently in Phase 2 focuses on the development of the “primary type” ceramic gas turbine (turbine inlet temperature: 1,200°C). CGT301 is a recuperated, single-shaft, ceramic gas turbine. The turbine is a two-stage axial flow type. The major effort has been on the development of the turbine which consists of metallic disks and inserted ceramic blades (“hybrid rotor”). Prior to engine tests, component tests were performed on the hybrid rotor to prove the validity of the design concepts and their mechanical integrity. The engine equipped with all ceramic components except the second stage turbine blades was tested and evaluated. The engine was operated successfully for a total of 23 hours without failure at the rated engine speed of 56,000 rpm with the turbine inlet temperature of 1,200 °C. Further, the engine equipped with all ceramic components was successfully tested for one hour under the same conditions. Engine testing of the “primary type” ceramic gas turbine is continuing to improve the performance and the reliability of the system for the purpose of moving forward to the development of the “pilot” ceramic gas turbine (turbine inlet temperature: 1,350 °C) as the final target of this project. This paper summarizes the progress in the development of the CGT301 with the emphasis on the test results of the hybrid rotor.

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Development of Shell-and-Tube Type Ceramic Heat Exchanger for CGT301

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Production of Sulfates Onboard an Aircraft: Implications for the Cost and Feasibility of Stratospheric Solar Geoengineering

Production of Sulfates Onboard an Aircraft: Implications for the Cost and Feasibility of Stratospheric Solar Geoengineering

Materials Issues for High-Temperature Components in Indirectly-Fired Cycles

Status of the Development of the CGT301, a 300 KW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine

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