Development of sizing nomograms for stand-alone photovoltaic/storage systems

SHORT COMMUNICATION: Does climate change affect the design of stand-alone PV systems?

“…The several methods developed that do not require detailed simulation of the operation of the system components, such as those of Barra, 1 Chapman, 2, 3 Bucciarelli, 4,5 Sidrach-de-Cardona, 6,7 and Lorenzo 8 and those mentioned in several textbooks on PV systems [9][10][11][12] are based on the concept of the daily energy balance: the daily energy produced by the PV generator is used to power the load; any surplus is stored in the battery and retrieved when solar radiation is below the value used in the design of the system. In the simpler methods, usually those referred to in the textbooks this design value is taken to be the mean daily solar radiation, either the yearly mean or the monthly mean radiation during the 'worst month'.…”

“…The more sophisticated methods of sizing [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]13 use the concept of the loss of load probability (LLP) and longterm system modelling to determine analytical expressions for the generator and battery size. LLP is the fraction of time of load demand which cannot be met by the system.…”

“…The sizing methods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] use long-term monthly average radiation values and daily series of solar radiation data. When using sequences of measured past daily solar radiation data a limitation regarding the accuracy of the results is naturally arising since the 'historical' daily solar radiation profile is very unlikely to be repeated in the future.…”

Artificial intelligence techniques for photovoltaic applications: A review

“…These analytical methods are simple to apply but they are not general. On the other hand, the numerical methods presented by Bucciarelli [201], Groumpos and Papageorgiou [202], Chapman [203] and Abouzahr and Ramakumar [204] present a good solution, but they need a long period of solar radiation data records. Egido and Lorenzo [205,206] reviewed the methods for computing capacity of PV arrays and battery storage and suggested an analytical model based on LLP, where it uses more complex methods, which allow the improvement of the precision of the LLP calculation according to the dimension of the PV-array area and the storage capacity.…”

A simplified model based on clearness index for estimating yearly performance of hybrid PV energy systems

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] This is mostly measured by the 'loss of load probability', LLP, the ratio of the energy deficit to the total energy demand for a period of time. LLP is mostly measured on a yearly basis, and is the most important design criterion in a stand-alone PV system.…”