Development of smut resistance genetic resources in millet with other economically valuable features

Abstract

Aim. Creation and transfer to the National Center of Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine genetic sources of millet with race-specific resistance against smut in combination with other economically valuable traits. Methods. In 2019 was laid a breeding nursery of raw material with signs of improved technological qualities of grain (high mass of 1000 grains, optimum film density, high grain alignment and spherical grain shape). In order to isolate forms of millet that are immune to different races of smut and to create sources of simultaneous resistance against damage to the most aggressive races of smut an analysis of the virulence of races was carried out and the most virulent of them were selected, which can characterize resistance against all 13 pathotypes in total. Results. A reconsideration for the resistance of millet against smut was carried out on a p infectious background of the most effective races of the pathogen for a well-established method of assessing the race-specific resistance of millet to smut, developed in the National Research Center of Institute of agriculture. Conclusion. In 2020 5 lines – sources of group resistance against smut – were selected in the nurseries of trials of breeding material of millet ( (l. 1110-05, l. 1727-14, l. 2142-14, l. 3199-16, l. 3267-16), which combined resistance in different ratios against the most virulent and aggressive pathotypes of smut – Rs2, Rs3 and Rs12 with economically valuable traits. 3 samples are also selected (l. 1427-08, l. 2098-14, l. 2155-14), which overwhelm the standards for a complex of economic and valuable signs: resistance to lodging (8.5 points), resistance to melanosis damage (lesion – 0%), high weight of 1000 grains > 9g, low film density (13.5–15.0%), spherical grain shape, race-specific resistance to the soot race group with the most virulent and aggressive races of the pathogen – Rs2 and Rs12. These lines of own breeding were transferred to the National Center of Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine under catalog numbers IUDS019538, IUDS019539, IUDS019540, IUDS019541, IUDS019542, IUDS019543, IUDS019544, IUDS019545) as genetic sources of resistance of millet to the most common race of smut in combination with other economically valuable traits for use in breeding and scientific programs of scientific-research institutions of Ukraine.