Development of spatial language and memory

Karadöller, Dilay Z.

doi:10.1075/sll.00068.kar

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…In each clip, the actress uttered two sentences: the first sentence introduced the ground and the figure objects, respectively (e.g., “There is a vase and a candle”), whereas the second sentence introduced the relative spatial location of the figure object (e.g., “The candle is on the left/right/on/under/in ” or “The candle is here ”). For our speech stimuli, we made use of an earlier study in which Turkish-speaking adults were asked to spontaneously describe left–right and on–under spatial relations between a central ground object and figure object (the same set of pictures-to-be-described in Karadöller et al, 2019 study was used as pictures for the response screen in the current study, see also Karadöller, 2022). In Karadöller et al (2019) study, we examined Turkish-speaking adults’ speech on the use of the figure object, the ground object, and the spatial relation when describing picture arrays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we tested the comprehension of two types of spatial relations: viewpoint-dependent ( left–right ) and viewpoint-independent ( on–under ). Viewpoint-dependent spatial relations such as left–right require viewpoint alignment and pose a challenge to both speakers and listeners compared to viewpoint-independent spatial relations such as on–under (Galati & Avraamides, 2013; Galati et al, 2013; Karadöller, 2022; Keysar et al, 2000). The gestural expression of left–right directionality poses a viewpoint coordination problem as left–right gestures that were produced by the speaker's egocentric perspective creates an incongruence between the veridical position in which the gesture is made and the intended meaning of it (e.g., Miller & Johnson-Laird, 1976).…”

Section: Listeners’ Visual Attention To Gesturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gestures cued by demonstratives in speech guide listeners’ visual attention during spatial language comprehension.

Özer¹,

Karadöller²,

Özyürek³

et al. 2023

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Gestures help speakers and listeners during communication and thinking, particularly for visual-spatial information. Speakers tend to use gestures to complement the accompanying spoken deictic constructions, such as demonstratives, when communicating spatial information (e.g., saying “The candle is here” and gesturing to the right side to express that the candle is on the speaker's right). Visual information conveyed by gestures enhances listeners’ comprehension. Whether and how listeners allocate overt visual attention to gestures in different speech contexts is mostly unknown. We asked if (a) listeners gazed at gestures more when they complement demonstratives in speech (“here”) compared to when they express redundant information to speech (e.g., “right”) and (b) gazing at gestures related to listeners’ information uptake from those gestures. We demonstrated that listeners fixated gestures more when they expressed complementary than redundant information in the accompanying speech. Moreover, overt visual attention to gestures did not predict listeners’ comprehension. These results suggest that the heightened communicative value of gestures as signaled by external cues, such as demonstratives, guides listeners’ visual attention to gestures. However, overt visual attention does not seem to be necessary to extract the cued information from the multimodal message.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%