Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

Abstract

ResumoO cultivo de Swietenia macrophylla King é inviabilizado pela ação de leptobroca. Assim, os objetivos para o estudo foram avaliar o desenvolvimento da espécie em plantio homogêneo no Sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, e a região como área de escape à ação da Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. Foram plantadas 150 árvores no espaçamento 3,0 m x 3,0 m, distribuídas em quatro blocos de 21 árvores, além da bordadura. Cinco meses após o plantio foram avaliados a sobrevivência e o diâmetro à altura do colo. Periodicamente, até 152 meses, foram registrados densidade, diâmetro à altura do peito, altura total e altura comercial e determinadas área transversal média e área basal. Complementarmente, cada árvore foi classificada pela forma do fuste e seu estado fitossanitário. Aos 152 meses, com de 53,6% de sobrevivência, os valores médios e coeficientes de variação foram, respectivamente, de 20,6 cm (4,7%), 16,3 m (4,3%), 5,5 m (6,4%), 0,0346 m 2 árvore -1 (9,3%) e 20,5295 m 2 ha -1 , e mais de 50% das árvores com fuste reto sem ou com galhos. A mortalidade foi devida a causas abióticas e não foram registrados problemas fitossanitários. A região apresenta potencial para o cultivo de S. macrophyla e pode ser considerada como área de escape para a leptobroca.Palavras-chave: Silvicultura, mogno, leptobroca, evasão. AbstractSwietenia macrophylla King cultivation is made difficult by the shoot borer action. Thus, the objectives of this research were to evaluate the development of the species in a homogeneous plantation in south western Mato Grosso State, Brazil, and to evaluate if the region could act as an escape area from the action of Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. 150 S. macrophylla seedlings were planted in 3.0 m x 3.0 m row spacing, distributed into four 21 trees blocks, in addition to the border. Five months after planting, the survival and diameter at ground level were measured. Periodically, until 152 months of age, density, diameter at breast height, total height and commercial height were measured, and the average cross-sectional area and basal area were determined. In addition, each tree was rated by stem shape and health. At 152 months, with 53.6% survival, the average rates and coefficient of variation were 20.6 cm (4.7%), 16.3 m (4.3%), 5.5 m (6.4%), 0.0346 m 2 tree -1 (9.3%) and 20.5295 m 2 ha -1 , respectively, and over 50% of the trees had a straight stem with or without branches. Mortality was due to abiotic causes, and no crop health problems were recorded. The region shows potential for S. macrophyla growth and may be considered as an escape area from the Hypsipyla grandella Zeller borer.

Propagation of Khaya Anthotheca: Interspecific Grafting With Swietenia Macrophylla and Air Layering

“…Such injury leads to the breakdown of apical dominance and reduction in growth and wood quality. Moreover, it might generate a twisted trunk and the presence of nodes, along with other undesirable effects, which decrease the value of the wood in the market (OHASHI et al, 2008;LUNZ et al, 2009;ROCHA et al, 2016). As no evidence of H. grandella attack on K. anthotheca has been reported so far, the crown replacement by using K. anthotheca as scion could be an alternative for obtaining high-quality wood in homogeneous planting of S. macrophylla.…”

“…Despite several efforts in cultivating S. macrophylla for commercial purposes, a major issue has been the insect Hypsipyla grandella, which attacks the meristems of plants affecting most plantations (CORNELIUS, 2001;MOREIRA et al, 2014;ROCHA et al, 2016). Such an issue, coupled with the ecological and genetic vulnerability of S. macrophylla, has motivated producers to introduce alternative species for providing wood with similar quality.…”

Sap flow and transpiration of young Brazilian mahogany plants submitted to soil water potential variation

“…Its wood has economic importance due to its durability and excellent finish when used in the manufacture of luxury furniture, decorative items, musical and precision instruments [2,3]. In Brazil, its economic exploitation was reduced due to the incidence of the mahogany drill (Hypsipyla grandella Zeller), however it is indicated in reforestation areas, mainly because of its accelerated growth [4,5].…”