Development of the former Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, 1770–1900

Jeffries, Nigel; Braybrooke, Tim; Pearce, Jacqui; Wardle, Angela

doi:10.1080/00794236.2015.1124195

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The high prevalence of Ascaris in London clearly indicates efficient STH transmission, as might be expected from a high-density urban population with poor sanitation. The absence of helminths in the Oxford Radcliffe Infirmary burial ground samples was unexpected, but the association with a hospital that had a largely rural catchment [ 74 ] and a well-based water supply [ 75 ] may be important. Birmingham was even more surprising since the sampled site represented a densely populated urban population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing the history of helminth prevalence in the UK

et al. 2022

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Intestinal helminth parasites (worms) have afflicted humans throughout history and their eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits including at locations where intestinal parasites are no longer considered endemic (e.g. the UK). Parasites provide valuable archaeological insights into historical health, sanitation, hygiene, dietary and culinary practices, as well as other factors. Differences in the prevalence of helminths over time may help us understand factors that affected the rate of infection of these parasites in past populations. While communal deposits often contain relatively high numbers of parasite eggs, these cannot be used to calculate prevalence rates, which are a key epidemiological measure of infection. The prevalence of intestinal helminths was investigated through time in England, based on analysis of 464 human burials from 17 sites, dating from the Prehistoric to Industrial periods. Eggs from two faecal-oral transmitted nematodes (Ascaris sp. and Trichuris sp.) and the food-derived cestodes (Taenia spp. and Diphyllobothrium latum syn Dibothriocephalus latus) were identified, although only Ascaris was detected at a high frequency. The changing prevalence of nematode infections can be attributed to changes in effective sanitation or other factors that affect these faecal-oral transmitted parasites and the presence of cestode infections reflect dietary and culinary preferences. These results indicate that the impact of helminth infections on past populations varied over time, and that some locations witnessed a dramatic reduction in parasite prevalence during the industrial era (18th-19th century), whereas other locations continued to experience high prevalence levels. The factors underlying these reductions and the variation in prevalence provide a key historical context for modern anthelmintic programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing the history of helminth prevalence in the UK

et al. 2022

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“…Beyond Cambridge colleges, a wide range of eighteenth- to twentieth-century institutions and other groups made use of marked ceramics, such as those associated with the military (Demers 2009), eating houses (Gooch 2007), university fraternities (Wilkie 2010: 184–92) and hospitals (Jeffries & Braybrooke 2015: 254). These ceramics are, however, generally found in relatively small quantities and at anticipated sites linked almost exclusively to their prime locale of usage.…”

Section: The University Of Cambridgementioning

confidence: 99%