Development of the heavy metal pollution trends in several European rivers: an analysis of point and diffuse sources

Vink, Rona; Behrendt, Horst; Salomons, Wim

doi:10.2166/wst.1999.0549

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…However, at present their greatest concentration is due to human activity, namely mining, agriculture, industrial processes and household waste 9 . Therefore, an important part of the heavy metals in the water may be related to human activities 10,11 . This human activity has often led to the transformation of the water of rivers, lakes and coasts into waste deposits; natural balance is severely disturbed and in many cases totally lost 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water and Sediments From Affluents and Effluents of Mediterranean Chilean Reservoirs

Copaja

Nuñez

Muñoz

et al. 2016

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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RIVER flows have constant interaction between water and bed sediments; for this reason knowledge of the characteristics of the sediments is fundamental to understand water chemistry. This study determined the concentrations of heavy metals in water and sediments in the affluents and the effluents of the Mediterranean Chilean reservoirs Cogotí, Corrales, La Paloma, and Recoleta. We explore possible ecological risk and toxicity using the enrichment factor (EF), risk assessment code (RAC), threshold effect concentrations (TEC) and probable effect concentrations (PEC). The results showed that five metals: Al, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn out of the ten measured metals were detected in both surface water and the sediments. The risk assessment code (RAC) suggested that Fe represents a medium risk in the affluent of Cogotí Reservoir: Cu, Zn and Mn represent a medium to high risk in all the dams and in both zones (affluents and effluents). The enrichment factor (EF) determined that the five metals were lithogenic. Fe, Cu, and Mn are the elements that present the greatest toxicity to microorganisms in these aquatic systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water and Sediments From Affluents and Effluents of Mediterranean Chilean Reservoirs

Copaja

Nuñez

Muñoz

et al. 2016

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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“…Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn), due to the deposition of contaminated sediments during flooding events in the past (Schröder, 2005). The sediments were especially contaminated in the 1960s and 1970s, due to unbridled emissions and a lack of integrated water pollution control (Vink et al, 1999;Middelkoop, 2000). Especially Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd are present in levels posing risks towards floodplain ecosystems (Kooistra et al, 2001Leuven et al, 2005;Van Vliet et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Bioturbation by Small Mammals on Heavy Metal Redistribution in an Embanked Floodplain of the River Rhine

Wijnhoven

Thonon

Velde

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Abstract.Floodplains along large European rivers are diffusely polluted with heavy metals due to emissions in the past. Because of low mobility of heavy metals in floodplain soils and improvements of water quality, these pollutants will remain in place, and can gradually become covered with less contaminated sediments. Bioturbators, especially earthworms, can play an important role in the mixing and surfacing of contaminated substrate. Surfaced substrate can be redistributed by recurrent flooding events, even to areas outside the floodplain. The question remained to what extent bioturbation by small mammals contributes to the redistribution of heavy metals from river sediments in floodplains. Extensive fieldwork on bioturbators such as voles, moles and earthworms and their distribution patterns, as well as on sediment deposition and bioturbation, was conducted at the 'Afferdensche en Deestsche Waarden' floodplain over the years [2001][2002][2003]. Field data were combined with data of experiments in field enclosures and substrate columns to calculate the amounts of sediment and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) redistributed during the floods as well as on an annual basis. Moles and voles surfaced considerable amounts of substrate and heavy metals, but not as much as earthworms which contribute a substantial proportion of the total deposition and redistribution during floods. Although the impact of moles and voles on the redistribution during floods was only locally important, on an annual basis the bioturbation activity of especially moles in floodplains cannot be neglected. The annual amounts of substrate and heavy metals surfaced by all investigated bioturbators were even larger than the total amounts of substrate and heavy metals deposited during floods.

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“…At the end of the twentieth century river sediment studies in Western Europe showed that heavy metal concentrations began to decline (Vink et al, 1999;Middelkoop, 2002). At the end of the Cold War most of the former industrial plants were closed, modern waste water treatment systems started to be installed, those factors may have contributed to the decline of concentrations (Scherer et al, 2003;Zerling et al, 2006) while in the Eastern Europe and Asia the situation remains different.…”

Section: Introduction 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contamination of Sventoji River Bottom Sediments by Heavy Metals in Ukmerge, Lithuania

Valskys¹,

Motiejunas²,

Ignatavičius³

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Science International

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Bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals of the Sventoji River in Ukmerge, Lithuania using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is analyzed in this article. During the research, qualitative and quantitative parameters of heavy metal concentrations and their distribution were investigated. This article presents obtained results of study, where bottom sediment samples were examined from both shores of the river of Sventoji. During this research, received data was treated using GIS software, which helped to interpolate the data of concentrations into the research polygon of the river. GIS software also helped to evaluate the urban runoff influence to the bottom sediment quality and exclude sources of pollution. The runoff dischargers which transport surface wastewater to the river were registered before sampling. At the mouth of streams, flowing into the river of Sventoji, additional samples were taken. After comprehensive river bottom sediment research there is a possibility to assess the extent of anthropogenic activity and its impact on the river ecosystem and human health.

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Development of the heavy metal pollution trends in several European rivers: an analysis of point and diffuse sources

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water and Sediments From Affluents and Effluents of Mediterranean Chilean Reservoirs

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water and Sediments From Affluents and Effluents of Mediterranean Chilean Reservoirs

The Impact of Bioturbation by Small Mammals on Heavy Metal Redistribution in an Embanked Floodplain of the River Rhine

The Contamination of Sventoji River Bottom Sediments by Heavy Metals in Ukmerge, Lithuania

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