Development of the Kura delta, Azerbaijan; a record of Holocene Caspian sea-level changes

Hoogendoorn, R.M.; Boels, Jelle F.; Kroonenberg, S.B.; Simmons, M. Y.; Aliyeva, E.; Babazadeh, Aliya D.; Huseynov, D.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2005.06.007

Cited by 59 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Rychagov, 1997;Mamedov, 1997). A more consensual reconstruction exists around the last regression, the Derbent regression (1.2-1 ka 14 C BP) which was quite pronounced, down to 34m bsl at least and corresponds to the Middle Ages (Hoogendoorn et al, 2005). From the meteorological point of view, CS levels are directly influenced by precipitation over the Volga drainage basin (Arpe et al, 2000;Arpe and Leroy, in press).…”

Section: Holocene Fluctuations and Their Possible Causesmentioning

confidence: 98%

River inflow and salinity changes in the Caspian Sea during the last 5500 years

Leroy

Marret

Gibert

et al. 2007

Quaternary Science Reviews

119

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Pollen, spores and dinoflagellate cysts have been analysed on three sediment cores (1.8 to 1.4 m-long) taken from the south and middle basins of the Caspian Sea. A chronology available for one of the cores is based on calibrated radiocarbon dates (ca 5.5-0.8 cal. ka BP). The pollen and spores assemblages indicate fluctuations between steppe and desert. In addition there are some outstanding zones with a bias introduced by strong river inflow. The dinocyst assemblages change between slightly brackish (abundance of Pyxidinopsis psilata and Spiniferites cruciformis) and more brackish (dominance of Impagidinium caspienense) conditions. During the second part of the Holocene, important flow modifications of the Uzboy River and the Volga River as well as salinity changes of the Caspian Sea, causing sea-level fluctuations, have been reconstructed. A major change is suggested at ca 4 cal. ka BP with the end of a high level phase in the south basin. Amongst other hypotheses, this could be caused by the end of a late and abundant flow of the Uzboy River (now defunct), carrying to the Caspian Sea either meltwater from higher latitudes or water from the Amu-Daria. A similar, later clear phase of water inflow has also been observed from 2.1 to 1.7 cal. ka BP in the south basin and probably also in the north of the middle basin.

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Section: Holocene Fluctuations and Their Possible Causesmentioning

confidence: 98%

River inflow and salinity changes in the Caspian Sea during the last 5500 years

Leroy

Marret

Gibert

et al. 2007

Quaternary Science Reviews

119

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“…The lake level of the Caspian Sea rose rapidly and remained high during the LIA after a low stand from 2500 to 800 aBP [59] . During the past 150 years, it has declined persistently and risen since 1980s as documented by historical records.…”

Section: Regional Comparison and Possible Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humid Little Ice Age in arid central Asia documented by Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China

et al. 2006

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Short sediment cores retrieved from Bosten Lake, the largest inland freshwater lake in China, were used to explore humidity and precipitation variations in arid central Asia during the past millennium. The chronology of the cores was established using 137 Cs, 210 Pb and AMS 14 C dating results. Multi-proxy high-resolution analysis, including pollen ratios of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae (A/C), carbonate content and grain size, indicates that the climate during the past millennium can be divided into three stages: a dry climate between 1000-1500 AD, a humid climate during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (c. 1500-1900 AD), and a warm dry period after 1900 AD. On centennial timescales, the climate change in northwestern China during the past 1000 years is characterized by oscillations between warm-dry and cold-humid climate conditions. All the proxies changed significantly and indicate increased precipitation during the LIA, including increased pollen A/C ratios and pollen concentrations, decreased carbonate content and increased grain size. The humid period during the LIA recorded by the Bosten Lake sediments is representative of arid central Asia and is supported by numerous records from other sites. During the LIA, the water runoff into the Keriya River and Tarim River in the Tarim Basin increased, while the ice accumulation in the Guliya ice core increased. Additionally, the lake levels of the Aral and Caspian Sea also rose, while tree-ring analysis indicates that precipitation increased. We hypothesize that both the lower temperature within China and the negative anomalies of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during this period may have contributed to the humid climate within this area during LIA.

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“…The central part of the upper basin consists of comparatively friable rocks: limestone, marlstone, and gneiss. The lower basin almost completely consists of alluvium (Hoogendoorn et al 2005). There are different types of soils in the Kura basin.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last century, the level of the Caspian Sea fluctuated heavily due to climatic variations and this factor deeply affected the outlet areas of the river (Mikhaylov et al 2003;Hoogendoorn et al 2005). The water level of the Caspian Sea is currently positioned at approximately 27 m below the mean sea level and the sea has no surface outlets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of non climatic origins of floods in the downstream part of the Kura River, Azerbaijan

Abbasov

Mahmudov²

2008

Nat Hazards

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Over the past century, there is an increased contribution of non climatic factors to the flood formation processes in the Kura River. Non climatic factors of floods refer to factors that are related to reductions in channel capacity and result in floods. More recently, there are numerous non climatic factors occurring in and around the Kura River basin that have increased the frequency of floods. Sediment accumulation in the riverbed over a long period of time has led to the reduction of channel capacity and has raised the elevation of the riverbed above the surrounding territory. It is illustrated that construction of dykes and levees do not actually prevent flooding, where hydrologic connections between groundwater and surface water are high, since infiltrated waters from channel results in raising of ground waters, causing an effect of ''underground flood.'' Since underground floods occur when water going from channels raises the level of ground waters, there is an urgent need to carefully investigate the groundwater-surface water connections. With the purpose of predicting floods, the authors suggest defining maximal acceptable flows (MAFs) rather than channel capacities. Results show that high rates of hydraulic conductivity of soils will decrease MAF rates. MAF computations before high-water season allow for further regulation of outlets further downstream in order to prevent flooding and enable flood forecasting. While the study focuses on a specific region, the overall approach suggested is generic and may be applied elsewhere.

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Development of the Kura delta, Azerbaijan; a record of Holocene Caspian sea-level changes

Cited by 59 publications

References 22 publications

River inflow and salinity changes in the Caspian Sea during the last 5500 years

River inflow and salinity changes in the Caspian Sea during the last 5500 years

Humid Little Ice Age in arid central Asia documented by Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China

Analysis of non climatic origins of floods in the downstream part of the Kura River, Azerbaijan

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