Development of the Mediterranean extinction code (MEDEX)

Piazzola, Jacques; Bouchara, Frédéric; Leeuw, G. de; Eijk, Alexander M. J. van

doi:10.1117/1.1556765

Cited by 45 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The latter methods assume that the averaged particle concentration at a given wind speed represents the equilibrium distribution but is limited to the intermediate size range of particles (for more details, see Hoppel et al 2002). The aerosol size distributions used for the S3F calculations were measured on the island of Porquerolles for short fetch occurring during north-west wind conditions (Piazzola and Despiau 1997a;Piazzola et al 2003;Blot et al 2008). The results demonstrate the good performance of the flux formulation proposed by for particles in the 1-10 µm size range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Spatial Variation of Sea-Spray Fluxes over a Mediterranean Coastal Zone Using a Sea-State Model

Piazzola

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Lafon

et al. 2009

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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We first deal with sea-spray flux estimates for short fetch conditions in coastal Mediterranean areas. To this end, a sea-state dependent model for the whitecap fraction was included in three different formulations for the sea-spray source function. A comparison with the sea-spray fluxes, calculated on the basis of aerosol size distributions measured at the island of Porquerolles located south off the French Riviera, evaluates the predictions of different whitecap dependant flux formulations. Then we deal with the spatial distribution of the whitecap fraction and the sea-spray fluxes in the study area. To achieve this, a whitecap dependant flux formulation was forced by a wave numerical model that was implemented in the study area. Experimental results on wave conditions have been used to adjust the model in the Mediterranean coastal area. Numerical simulations of wave and whitecap coverage have been carried out during typical regional wind events, and they show a nonhomogeneous distribution of the sea-surface production over the northern Mediterranean as a consequence of the spatial variation of the sea state. In particular, we note the occurrence of a narrow band of high sea-surface production following the northern coast and along the east part of the Gulf of Lions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Spatial Variation of Sea-Spray Fluxes over a Mediterranean Coastal Zone Using a Sea-State Model

Piazzola

Forget

Lafon

et al. 2009

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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“…However, since the release of the basic NAM, efforts have been reported that suggest the need to include more aerosol species 15 and to replace the AMP by fetch. 16,17 The fetch represents the distance an air mass has traveled over water, and thereby provides a first indication for the ratio of marine versus continental aerosols. The longer the air mass has spent over water, the more continental particles will have dispersed and deposited, and the more marine particles have been generated.…”

Section: Nam Overview and Initial Anam Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in the Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM)

Eijk

Merritt²

2006

SPIE Proceedings

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The Navy Aerosol Model (NAM) is widely used as an engineering tool to provide a quick estimate of the aerosol extinction in the marine environment. Since its introduction, several shortcomings of NAM have been identified that are being addressed by the development of the Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM). At present, the Advanced Navy Aerosol Model has been reviewed as concerns its production mode. The two separate production modes (3 rd and 4 th modes in ANAM4) have been replaced by a single production mode in ANAM5. The shape of the new production mode is given by two sea spray source functions taken from literature, Vignati et al. and Smith and Harrison. The intensity of the new production mode in ANAM5 at a particular height above the surface is governed by a transfer function that depends on radius and wind speed. The production mode in ANAM5 has several tuning parameters that have been optimized by comparing ANAM5 concentration predictions to experimental aerosol data. ANAM5 performs better than ANAM4 in predicting the concentrations of large aerosols in open ocean conditions, but the performance is reduced in the coastal zone. This may be due to the presence of a strong advection mode that is currently not well taken into account by the ANAM.

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“…Consequently, there have been requests to replace the AMP by a more accessible parameter. Piazzola et al developed the Mediterranean extinction code (MEDEX), 9 in which the AMP is replaced by fetch. The rationale for this is that the contribution of aerosols generated over land decreases in the absence of sources and due to gravitational settling as the air mass advects out over the sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM): validation of small-particle modes

Eijk

Kuśmierczyk-Michulec²,

Piazzola

2011

SPIE Proceedings

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The image quality of electro-optical sensors in the (lower-altitude marine) atmosphere is limited by aerosols, which cause contrast reduction due to transmission losses and impact on the thermal signature of objects by scattering solar radiation. The Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM) aims at providing a quantitative estimate of the aerosol effects on the basis of standard meteorological parameters such as wind speed and relative humidity. For application in coastal regions, the ANAM includes non-marine aerosols that are governed by an ill-defined tuning parameter: the air mass parameter (AMP). The present paper proposes a new parameterization for assessing the effect of these non-marine particles on the propagation. The new parameterization utilizes the Ångström coefficient, which can be experimentally obtained with a sun photometer, and introduces new types of aerosols in ANAM. The new parameterization was tested against experimental validation data acquired at Porquerolles Island at the French Riviera. The limited test data suggested that the new parameterization is only partially efficient in capturing the aerosol signature of the coastal environment. Nevertheless, the new Ångström coefficient algorithm avoids using the ill-defined AMP, and may thus be useful to the ANAM community.

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Development of the Mediterranean extinction code (MEDEX)

Cited by 45 publications

References 44 publications

Spatial Variation of Sea-Spray Fluxes over a Mediterranean Coastal Zone Using a Sea-State Model

Spatial Variation of Sea-Spray Fluxes over a Mediterranean Coastal Zone Using a Sea-State Model

Improvements in the Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM)

The Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM): validation of small-particle modes

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