Development of the method of remote sensing of low-concentration gases of the atmosphere taking into account the humidity fluctuations of the air

Abstract

The emergence of strong desert vortices covering large areas, including the areas of large cities with dense population, the need to quickly obtain sufficient information on the state of desert ecosystems in large areas makes the application of remote sensing methods an urgent issue. At present, the method of measuring the desert aerosol using scattered solar radiation has been proposed, and the method of measuring the optical thickness of the dust aerosol has been substantiated. A new method of optimization of remote sensing systems and information-measurement systems in general is proposed in the article. A method of remote determination of aerosol optical thickness increase, which involves measuring the scattered radiation of the sun, has been proposed. The main goal of the study is to develop a remote sensing method that allows determining the dynamics and cause of the increase in aerosol optical thickness. The scientific novelty of the work is a new method that is invariant to the variations of the aerosol optical thickness under the influence of hydration and dehydration processes. By using the proposed three-wave biparametric Sun photometer, the effect of aerosol hygroscopic growth on the measurement results is eliminated.The given critical assessment of the state of atmospheric pollution monitoring and the consideration of the main shortcomings of the aerosol pollution monitoring carried out in the country will allow further improvement of such monitoring in the future. The proposed remote sensing method for determining the dynamics of aerosol optical thickness growth allows to determine the origin of aerosol optical thickness growth by measuring scattered solar radiation at two different wavelengths and in two optical air masses.