Development of the PROMIS(R) Health Expectancies of Smoking Item Banks

Abstract

Smokers' health-related outcome expectancies are associated with a number of important constructs in smoking research, yet there are no measures currently available that focus exclusively on this domain. This paper describes the development and evaluation of item banks for assessing the health expectancies of smoking.

Patient Perspectives on Smoking Cessation and Interventions in Rheumatology Clinics

“…We investigated these patient‐centered outcomes by providing a worksheet for participants to react to and rank potential outcomes based on importance and by facilitating an open discussion on other potential outcomes. The worksheet listed themes from common validated measures related to smoking cessation, including Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System negative health expectancies , the US Adult Tobacco Use Survey , Processes of Change Questionnaire , Health Attitudes Survey , and other sources . At the first 2 focus groups, facilitators asked participants to rate each outcome on a 4‐category scale from “not at all important” to “very important.” Consistent with the dynamic nature of qualitative research, we asked participants at the third focus group to circle the 3 most important outcomes in order to overcome the ceiling effects observed in prior group evaluations.…”

Calibration of the Spanish PROMIS Smoking Item Banks

“…Item Banks. The item banks include Nicotine Dependence (27 items; α = 0.98) 2 which assesses craving, withdrawal that occurs upon brief cessation of smoking, smoking temptations, compulsive use, and tolerance (eg, "When I run out of cigarettes, I find it almost unbearable"); Coping Expectancies (15 items; α = 0.97) 3 which assesses smoking as a means of coping with negative affect and stress (eg, "I rely on smoking to deal with stress"); Positive Emotional and Sensory Expectancies (16 items; α = 0.97) 4 which assesses perceptions of improved cognitive abilities, positive affective states, and pleasurable sensorimotor sensations due to smoking (eg, "I feel better after smoking a cigarette"); Negative Health Expectancies (19 items; α = 0.95) 5 which assesses perceptions of current and long-term consequences of smoking on one's health (eg, "Smoking is taking years off my life"); Negative Psychosocial Expectancies (20 items; α = 0.95) 6 which assesses social disapproval of smoking, normative values associated with smoking, and negative beliefs about one's appearance when smoking (eg, "People think less of me when they see me smoking"); and Social Motivations (12 items; α = 0.92) 7 which assesses the expected social benefit of smoking and the social cues that induce cigarette craving (eg, "Smoking makes me feel better in social situations"). Items were rated on 5-point quantity (1 = not at all to 5 = very much) or frequency (1 = never to 5 = always) scales.…”

“…The National Institute of Health (NIH) has supported the building of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System are able to do and how they feel. The PROMIS Smoking Initiative 1 has developed an assessment toolkit that enables efficient measurement of six distinct, unidimensional constructs of central importance to smoking research on current adult cigarette smokers: Nicotine Dependence, Coping Expectancies, 3 Positive Emotional and Sensory Expectancies, 4 Negative Health Expectancies, 5 Negative Psychosocial Expectancies, 6 and Social Motivations. 7 Development of the smoking item banks involved extensive qualitative 1 and quantitative analyses 8 of an English-speaking sample (4201 daily smokers and 1183 nondaily smokers).…”

The Psychometric Performance of the PROMIS Smoking Assessment Toolkit: Comparisons of Real-Data Computer Adaptive Tests, Short Forms, and Mode of Administration

“…The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Smoking Assessment Toolkit consists of six item banks that assess unique smoking behavior domains: Nicotine Dependence, 1 Coping Expectancies, 2 Positive Emotional and Sensory Expectancies, 3 Health Expectancies, 4 Psychosocial Expectancies, 5 and Social Motivations for Smoking. 6 The domains were identified following an extensive qualitative process 7 and were then further psychometrically refined using modern psychometric techniques (eg, item-factor analysis and item response theory [IRT]) to ensure that the item sets were unidimensional, provided a high level of scoring precision, and measured distinct content.…”