Development of the Quality of Nursing Care Scale for Hospitalized Acute Respiratory Infection Children in Indonesia

Abstract

Introduction: Acute respiratory infection in children leads to high morbidity and mortality. This is probably due to a lack of quality of care and no quality control. The Quality of Nursing Care for Hospitalized Ari Children (QNCS-HARIC) instrument is expected to be a potential tool for improving the quality of nursing practice with an approach more genuinely focused on parental involvement, especially in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to develop a scale of QNCS-HARIC in Indonesia. Methods: Development of the QNCS-HARIC refers to a literature review, expert panel meeting, experts' review, and pilot study. Results: Four dimensions and 79 items were generated: 1) the physical needs of ARI children (36 items); 2) the psychological needs of ARI children and their families (26 items); 3) the socio-cultural needs of ARI children and their families (10 items) and 4) the spiritual needs of ARI children and their families (7 items). The validity was approved by five experts yielding a content validity index equalling .96. After performing the CVI, the QNCS-HARIC consisted of 78 items (deleting 2 items from the dimension on the physical needs of ARI children and an additional 1 item from the dimension on the physical needs of ARI children). The reliability was tested with 30 pediatric nurses yielding an alpha Cronbach's coefficient of the overall QNCS-HARIC 77 items of .94 and each of the dimensions equalled .94, .87, .79, and .73, respectively. Conclusion:To improve the quality of nursing care delivery, pediatric nurses need to be equipped with a quality instrument which should be psychometrically tested, sensitive, specific, accurate, objective, and feasible.