2011
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22611
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Development of the venous pole of the heart in the frog Xenopus laevis: A morphological study with special focus on the development of the venoatrial connections

Abstract: The heart of lung-breathing vertebrates normally shows an asymmetric arrangement of its venoatrial connections along the left-right (L-R) body axis. The systemic venous tributaries empty into the right atrium while the pulmonary venous tributaries empty into the left atrium. The ways by which this asymmetry evolves from the originally symmetrically arranged embryonic venous heart pole are poorly defined. Here we document the development of the venous heart pole in Xenopus laevis (stages 40-46). We show that, p… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Consistently, the ‘caval veins’ all contract prior to the atria (Movies S4-6) as also shown with electrocardiography [58], [59]. Also, in amphibians, the sinus venosus is an expanded cavity [60][64]. In fishes collectively, the sinus venosus can be fairly large, e.g.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 58%
“…Consistently, the ‘caval veins’ all contract prior to the atria (Movies S4-6) as also shown with electrocardiography [58], [59]. Also, in amphibians, the sinus venosus is an expanded cavity [60][64]. In fishes collectively, the sinus venosus can be fairly large, e.g.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 58%
“…The amphibian heart is composed of one ventricle, surrounded by atria on both sides, separated by a septum (22). Embryos treated with PFHxA and PFHpA showed enlarged atria and a loss of the atrial septum (Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As these species lack pulmonary veins, all the blood flowing into the heart derives from the cardinal veins via the sinus venosus in the right‐sided part of the atrium, while pulmonary ostia in the left atrium are lacking. During normal development, the pulmonary veins become incorporated into the left atrial body wall (frog) but not the atrial appendage (human), demonstrating the close relationship between the left atrium and lung circulation.…”
Section: The Atrial Segmentmentioning
confidence: 99%