Development of Two Dimensional Measures of Restricted and Repetitive Behavior in Parents and Children

Evans, David W.; Uljarević, Mirko; Lusk, Laina; Loth, Eva; Frazier, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.014

Cited by 60 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Here, we applied a conservative threshold for ASD diagnosis. We recognize, however, that neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by deviations and delays on dimensional traits that extend well into the general population [28,29]. Thus, understanding the morbidity of CNV syndromes requires an appreciation for the more subtle deviations and delays that may arise throughout development, reflecting, for example, a psychiatric prodrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Overlap between Autism Spectrum Disorder and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Ousley

Evans

Fernández-Carriba

et al. 2017

IJMS

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22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a genomic disorder reported to associate with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in 15–50% of cases; however, others suggest that individuals with 22q11.2DS present psychiatric or behavioral features associated with ASDs, but do not meet full criteria for ASD diagnoses. Such wide variability in findings may arise in part due to methodological differences across studies. Our study sought to determine whether individuals with 22q11.2DS meet strict ASD diagnostic criteria using research-based guidelines from the Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism (CPEA), which required a gathering of information from three sources: the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule (ADOS), and a clinician’s best-estimate diagnosis. Our study examined a cohort of children, adolescents, and young adults (n = 56) with 22q11.2DS, who were ascertained irrespective of parents’ behavioral or developmental concerns, and found that 17.9% (n = 10) of the participants met CPEA criteria for an ASD diagnosis, and that a majority showed some level of social-communication impairment or the presence of repetitive behaviors. We conclude that strictly defined ASDs occur in a substantial proportion of individuals with 22q11.2DS, and recommend that all individuals with 22q11.2DS be screened for ASDs during early childhood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Overlap between Autism Spectrum Disorder and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Ousley

Evans

Fernández-Carriba

et al. 2017

IJMS

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show abstract

“…More detailed observational rather than questionnaire studies would inform this issue. The CRI-R developed by Evans et al [14] will be very useful for typical and clinical studies. Also Honey, McConachie, Randle, Shearer and Le Couteur [51] have suggested additional measures such as asking both parents and youngsters with Down syndrome about RBRI, if they are problematic, and what strategies can be used to widen interests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zohar and Bruno [17] examined the level of obsessive-compulsive behaviours in children aged 8 to 14 years using the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory [18], and found a significant decrease in such behaviours from eight to 14 years. Evans et al [14] also found no decline in the Rigidity and Sameness factor until after the 8–13 years age group; however, the results did include 26% of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Overall such results imply that the proposed decline of similar behaviours in typically developing children might be later than the 5–6 years suggested by Evans et al [1].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In 2017 Evans, Uljarevíci, Lusk, Loth and Frazier [14] reported the development of a revised CRI measure for children (CRI-R), together with a 55 item Adult Routines Inventory. There was a representative sample of 3032 children aged from 12 months to 17 years 11 months; 26% of the children had neurodevelopmental disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glenn and Cunningham [14] found that for both typically developing children and those with Down syndrome with MAs of 5 years or less, there were significant positive correlations between CRI measures and total Vineland Screener scores [47]. For older typically developing children, children with Down syndrome, and adults there were no significant correlations with Vineland scores i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repetitive Behaviours and Restricted Interests in Individuals with Down Syndrome—One Way of Managing Their World?

Glenn

2017

Brain Sciences

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This paper argues that the repetitive behaviour and restrictive interests (RBRI) displayed by individuals with Down syndrome have mostly positive functions. However, as research has developed from interests in Obsessional Compulsive Disorder or Autistic Spectrum Disorder, unfortunately a view has arisen that RBRI in individuals with Down syndrome are also likely to be pathological. This is particularly the case in adults. The paper reviews: (a) measures employed and the perspectives that have been used; (b) the development in typically developing individuals, those with Down syndrome, and those with other conditions associated with intellectual disability; (c) positive and possible negative effects of RBRI; and (d) the need for more research. The conclusion is that, for their level of development, RBRI are helpful for most individuals with Down syndrome.

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Relationship between early motor milestones and severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

et al. 2017

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This study explored the relationships between the later age of achievement of early motor milestones, current motor atypicalities (toe walking), and the severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parents of 147 children and adolescents with ASD (M = 8.09 years, SD = 4.28; 119 males) completed an early developmental milestones questionnaire and the Social Responsiveness Scale as a measure of Insistence on Sameness (IS) and Repetitive Mannerisms (RM). Two hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to test whether RM and IS behaviors were predicted by early motor milestones, or current toe walking. The final model predicting RM accounted for 15% of the variance (F = 3.02, p = .009), with toe walking as a unique and independent predictor of RM scores (t = 3.568, p = .001). The final model predicting IS accounted for 19.1% of variance in IS scores (F = 4.045, p = .001), with chronological age (CA) (t = 2.92, p = .004), age when first standing (t = 2.09, p = .038), and toe walking (t = 2.53, p = .013) as unique independent predictors. Toe walking (t = 2.4, p = .018) and age when first sitting (t = 2.08, p = .04) predicted the severity of RRBs on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (F = 2.334, p = .036). Our study replicates previous findings on the relationship between concurrent motor impairments and RRBs, and provides the first evidence for the association between RRBs and age of attainment of early motor milestones. Autism Res 2017. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1163-1168. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Development of Two Dimensional Measures of Restricted and Repetitive Behavior in Parents and Children

Cited by 60 publications

References 29 publications

Examining the Overlap between Autism Spectrum Disorder and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Examining the Overlap between Autism Spectrum Disorder and 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Repetitive Behaviours and Restricted Interests in Individuals with Down Syndrome—One Way of Managing Their World?

Relationship between early motor milestones and severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

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