Development of Ultra-Fine-Grained Structure in AISI 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel

Tiamiyu, A.A.; Szpunar, Jerzy A.; Odeshi, A.G.; Oguocha, I. N. A.; Eskandari, M.

doi:10.1007/s11661-017-4361-x

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The concept of incorporating the Cr eq and Ni eq values into the ΔG → has been successfully used for studying the reversion mechanism in different ASSs [5,75,195,197,218,[222][223][224]. (17) Cr eq = Cr + 4.5Mo…”

Section: Reversion Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Sohrabi

Naghizadeh

Mirzadeh

2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

181

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Recent progress in the understanding of the deformation-induced martensitic transformation, the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, and the reversion annealing in the metastable austenitic stainless steels are reviewed in the present work. For this purpose, the introduced methods for the measurement of martensite content are summarized. Moreover, the austenite stability as the key factor for controlling the austenite to martensite transformation is critically discussed. This is realized by analyzing the effects of chemical composition, initial grain size, applied strain, deformation temperature, strain rate, and deformation mode (stress state). For instance, the effect of initial grain size is found to be complicated, especially in the ultrafine grained (UFG) regime. Furthermore, it seems that there is a critical grain size for changing the trend of α′-martensite formation. Decreasing the deformation temperature motivates the formation of α′-martensite, but there is a critical temperature for achieving the maximum tensile ductility. Afterwards, the modeling techniques for the transformation kinetics and the contribution of deformation-induced martensitic transformation to the strengthening of material and also strength-ductility trade-off are critically surveyed. The processing of UFG microstructure during reversion annealing, the effects of the recrystallization of the retained austenite, the martensitic shear and diffusional reversion mechanisms, and the annealing-induced martensitic transformation are also summarized. Accordingly, this overview presents the opportunities that the strain-induced martensitic transformation can offer for controlling the microstructure and mechanical properties of metastable austenitic stainless steels.

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Section: Reversion Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Sohrabi

Naghizadeh

Mirzadeh

2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

181

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“…Therefore, even relatively-low strains imparted during conventional rolling are sufficient for the formation of ultrafine-grain structures in metastable austenitic steels [26,29,[32][33][34][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Last, a reduction in the deformation temperature should increase the driving force for the -martensitic transformation. In view of these benefits, cryogenic rolling of metastable austenitic steels has recently attracted considerable interest [26,[32][33][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EBSD investigation of microstructure evolution during cryogenic rolling of type 321 metastable austenitic steel

Aletdinov

Mironov

Korznikova

et al. 2019

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was employed to establish microstructure evolution in type 321 metastable austenitic stainless steel during rolling at a near-liquid-nitrogen temperature. A particular emphasis was given to evaluation of microstructure-strength relationship. As expected, cryogenic rolling promoted strain-induced martensite transformation. The transformation was dominated by the →sequence but clear evidence of the →→ transformation path was also found. The martensitic reactions were found to occur almost exclusively within deformation bands, i.e., the most-highly strained areas in the austenite. This prevented a progressive development of deformation-induced boundaries and thus suppressed the normal grain-subdivision process in this phase. On the other hand, the preferential nucleation of martensite within the deformation bands implied a close relationship between the transformation process and slip activity in parent austenite grains. Indeed, the martensite reactions were found to occur preferentially in austenite grains with crystallographic orientations close to Goss {110}<100> and Brass {110}<112>. Moreover, the martensitic transformations were governed by preferential variant selection which was most noticeable in -martensite. The sensitivity of the martensitic reactions to the crystallographic orientation of the austenite grains resulted in re-activation of the transformation process after development of a deformation-induced texture in the austenitic phase at high strains. Both martensitic phases were concluded to experience plastic strain which resulted in measurable changes in misorientation distributions. Cryogenic rolling imparted dramatic strengthening resulting in a more-than-sixfold increase in yield strength. The main source of hardening was the martensitic transformation with lesser contributions from dislocations and subboundary strengthening of the austenite.

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“…The size of the mechanical twins and shear bands as well as the deformation-induced and -martensite particles is typically found to be ~100 nm [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. It is believed, therefore, that the occurrence of phase transformation during deformation promotes rapid grain refinement, even at relatively low strains during conventional rolling [33,36,[39][40][41][43][44][45]. Moreover, it is widely accepted that a reduction in deformation temperature may further enhance the grain-refinement effect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Last, lowering the deformation temperature would tend to increase the driving force for -martensitic transformation. In a view of these benefits, the deformation of austenitic steels at cryogenic temperatures has attracted substantial recent interest [17,33,39,40,[43][44][45]. However, current understanding of deformation-induced martensitic transformation has been based primarily on microstructural observations from transmission electron microscopy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

EBSD Characterization of Cryogenically Rolled Type 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel

Korznikova

Mironov

Konkova

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans A

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Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was applied to investigate microstructure evolution during cryogenic rolling of type 321 metastable austenitic stainless steel. As expected, rolling promoted deformation-induced martensitic transformation which developed preferentially in deformation bands. Because a large fraction of the imposed strain was accommodated by deformation banding, grain refinement in the parent austenite phase was minimal. The martensitic transformation was found to follow a general orientation relationship, {111}  || {0001}  || {110}  and <110>  || <11-20>  || <111>  , and was characterized by noticeable variant selection.

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Development of Ultra-Fine-Grained Structure in AISI 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

EBSD investigation of microstructure evolution during cryogenic rolling of type 321 metastable austenitic steel

EBSD Characterization of Cryogenically Rolled Type 321 Austenitic Stainless Steel

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