Abstract:The increasing concern over environmental problems and the demand for renewable raw materials continues to increase, making researchers must find the right solution to overcome these problems. One solution is to reduce the use of synthetic fibers, which can replace natural fibers. This article is to review the use of bamboo fiber as a reinforcement to improve the physical and mechanical properties of composites, starting from the manufacturing process to its future potential. The matrix, which usually used as … Show more
“…For example, alkali treatment can remove hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and oil from the outer walls of natural fiber cells, increasing the surface roughness of the fibers and thereby strengthening the connection between the matrix and the fiber. 43 It has been demonstrated by earlier research that the improvement in compressive properties is the result of alkali treatment, which lessens the hydrophilic nature of the cellulose fiber and improves the interfacial interaction between the fiber and matrix. 44,45 Figure 12.Stress–strain curve of compressive strength test.Figure 13.Compressive strength values of different unidirectional fibers.…”
In this experimental study, hybrid composite properties for hydrokinetic turbine blades were determined, and its performance was examined. The reinforcements included glass fiber, treated and untreated highland bamboo fiber, reinforced polyester-based composites and their hybrid composites, as well as row bamboo (bamboo culm). The row bamboo was prepared on the bamboo culm’s outer surface to get rid of any leftovers, before cutting in accordance with the specimen test standards. In order to make hybrid composite materials, polyester resin was mixed with fibers in the proportions of bamboo fiber/glass fiber (50%/50%), and fiber/matrix (30%/70%). The composite containing glass fiber has a flexural strength that is 12% and 21% higher than materials reinforced with alkali-treated and untreated highland bamboo fiber reinforced composites respectively. The alkali treatment of highland bamboo fiber improved its physical-mechanical properties, making it suitable for use different application. Alkaline treatment boosts the composite’s tensile and compressive strength by 37% and 3.4% for composite reinforced with untreated bamboo fiber, and 10.2% and 23.8% for composite reinforced with glass fiber, respectively. The fiber density of highland bamboo was increased by removing less dense non-cellulosic components (hemicellulose and lignin). However, the fiber’s moisture absorption is the main issue in using it in a composite that works submerged in water. This study investigated whether incorporating glass fiber in highland bamboo-glass fiber polyester hybrid composite reduces the composite material’s water uptake. A reduction was found, however, the density was increased. It is challenging to employ row bamboo for the construction of hydrokinetic turbine blades as water ingress of the composite must be avoided even in the presence of erosion caused by cavitation and impact with foreign bodies in the water.
“…For example, alkali treatment can remove hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and oil from the outer walls of natural fiber cells, increasing the surface roughness of the fibers and thereby strengthening the connection between the matrix and the fiber. 43 It has been demonstrated by earlier research that the improvement in compressive properties is the result of alkali treatment, which lessens the hydrophilic nature of the cellulose fiber and improves the interfacial interaction between the fiber and matrix. 44,45 Figure 12.Stress–strain curve of compressive strength test.Figure 13.Compressive strength values of different unidirectional fibers.…”
In this experimental study, hybrid composite properties for hydrokinetic turbine blades were determined, and its performance was examined. The reinforcements included glass fiber, treated and untreated highland bamboo fiber, reinforced polyester-based composites and their hybrid composites, as well as row bamboo (bamboo culm). The row bamboo was prepared on the bamboo culm’s outer surface to get rid of any leftovers, before cutting in accordance with the specimen test standards. In order to make hybrid composite materials, polyester resin was mixed with fibers in the proportions of bamboo fiber/glass fiber (50%/50%), and fiber/matrix (30%/70%). The composite containing glass fiber has a flexural strength that is 12% and 21% higher than materials reinforced with alkali-treated and untreated highland bamboo fiber reinforced composites respectively. The alkali treatment of highland bamboo fiber improved its physical-mechanical properties, making it suitable for use different application. Alkaline treatment boosts the composite’s tensile and compressive strength by 37% and 3.4% for composite reinforced with untreated bamboo fiber, and 10.2% and 23.8% for composite reinforced with glass fiber, respectively. The fiber density of highland bamboo was increased by removing less dense non-cellulosic components (hemicellulose and lignin). However, the fiber’s moisture absorption is the main issue in using it in a composite that works submerged in water. This study investigated whether incorporating glass fiber in highland bamboo-glass fiber polyester hybrid composite reduces the composite material’s water uptake. A reduction was found, however, the density was increased. It is challenging to employ row bamboo for the construction of hydrokinetic turbine blades as water ingress of the composite must be avoided even in the presence of erosion caused by cavitation and impact with foreign bodies in the water.
“…Composite with 12.75 vol% of the treated fiber content reaches the impact strength of the un-reinforced resin specimen. The maximum impact strength was attained at 35.57 vol% composite [28], and an improvement of 56.14% was observed when compared with the un-reinforced resin sample. The impact strength (1.73 KJ m −2 ) of 45.3 vol% composite was lower than 35.57 vol% composite, which is by a percentage of 13.…”
Section: The Effect Of Naoh Treated Spfs On Mechanical Properties Of ...mentioning
Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites have several advantages over traditional composites. The chemical modification of natural fibers helps to develop polymer composites with better mechanical properties. In the present work, mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, and impact strength of chopped Screw pine fiber reinforced vinyl ester composites have been evaluated under-treated conditions based on the volume fractions of Screw pine fibers. The fibers have been treated with 5% of NaOH solution for 1 hour at room temperature. The hand lay-up method has been used to prepare composite plates at room temperature. The results revealed that mechanical properties of composites increased with the increase of the fiber content up to 35.57 vol.% at both the untreated and treated conditions and then dropped. However, the modulus values have been increased continuously from the fiber content of 8.43 to 45.3 vol.%. It was identified that the critical or optimum fiber content for better mechanical properties is 35.57 vol.% for both the untreated and treated conditions. The percentage of improvement at every combination was obtained by comparing the composites prepared with the untreated and treated fibers. The fractured surface of the treated fiber composites was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the tensile properties are predicted using the Hirsch and Modified Bowyer and Bader model and compared with experimental values. The predicted results revealed that the Modified Bowyer and Bader model shows better conformity.
“…The treatment increases the surface roughness of bamboo fibres by eliminating compounds such as hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and oil from the surface, resulting in better bonding between the fibres and the polymer matrix. This enhanced adhesion results in stronger and longerlasting composites [57][58][59]. The alkali treatment inhibits bamboo fibre moisture absorption, which might have a negative impact on the mechanical properties of composites.…”
Section: Epoxy Resinmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This procedure improves its dimensional stability, decreases moisture absorption, and increases decay resistance [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Alkali treatment, on the other hand, removes starches and sugars from bamboo, making it less appealing to insects and more resistant to deterioration [28][29][30][31][32][33]. These treatment approaches have demonstrated good results in improving bamboo characteristics.…”
Bamboo is a versatile and sustainable natural resource that has been used for centuries by numerous cultures. Untreated bamboo, on the other hand, has limitations in terms of durability, strength, and decay resistance, which limit its usage in specific conditions. To overcome these restrictions and realise its full potential, researchers have investigated various bamboo treatment methods. This research presents an overview of bamboo treatment methods, effects on their performance, and emphasises possible uses in a variety of construction practises. The study looks into the usage of synthetic resin and synthetic rubber as bamboo protective coatings. These coatings improve durability, water repellence, dimensional stability, mechanical strength, and fungal growth resistance. They are also simple to use and contribute to environmentally friendly practises. To protect bamboo from fungal deterioration and insect infestation, chemical substances such as boron-based additions, zinc chloride, sodium pentachloro-phenate, and copper-chrome-arsenic (CCA) are employed as preservatives. These chemicals increase the longevity of bamboo while also ensuring its structural integrity. The use of epoxy resins to improve the tensile strength of bamboo composites is also being observed. It increases flexural and compressive strength by improving adhesion between bamboo fibres and the matrix. The use of epoxy glue also retains the natural strength and durability of bamboo. Heat treatment of bamboo entails treating it to high temperatures in order to enhance its qualities such as dimensional stability, hardness, and resistance to decay and insect assault. Heat-treated bamboo is used in building, furniture, flooring, and composite materials. Understanding and implementing these treatment procedures can help to encourage the wider use of bamboo as a sustainable and environmentally friendly construction material. The findings of this study have the potential to drive decision-making, encourage innovation, and have a positive impact on the environment, society, and economy. Bamboo may be used as a viable alternative to traditional materials in a variety of sectors by exploiting its unique qualities and improving its durability and strength.
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