Development of Visual Acuity in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment

Lim, Mi-Ra

doi:10.1001/archopht.123.9.1215

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar observations in CVI were recently reported by Lowery et al [34]. Although VEPs findings in children with CVI are quite variable [31,35], and changes in parameters over a longitudinal period may not precisely represent development of visual functions in children with CVI [36], VEPs represent a method for the objective quantitative definition of vision in CVI [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Ophthalmological examination and VEPs in preterm children with perinatal CNS involvement

et al. 2008

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Five children with a history of preterm birth (mean gestational age of 27 weeks; birth weight 870-1,380 g) and perinatal post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus were examined ophthalmologically at ages ranging from 4-11 years. An extended visual evoked potentials (VEPs) examination was simultaneously performed, using pattern-reversal, motion-onset, and cognitive visual stimuli. Although 3 of the 10 eyes displayed about normal visual acuity (> or =0.9), all of the examined eyes were abnormal for at least one variant of the tested VEPs. Pathological changes in VEPs (missing responses, shape abnormalities due to delayed VEPs maturation, prolonged peak latencies, and reduced amplitudes) were roughly proportional to both gestational age and reduction in visual acuity. A more severe pathology was found in the motion-onset VEPs (in all five subjects - nine eyes) when compared to the pattern-reversal VEPs (in four subjects - eight eyes). These observations suggest that the magnocellular system/dorsal stream of the visual pathway (which is particularly activated in response to motion stimuli) may be more frequently affected in preterm children than the parvocellular system/ventral stream (tested mostly by the standard pattern-reversal VEPs). This pilot study may encourage further testing of the combined pattern and motion-related VEPs examinations in preterm children as a way of detecting hidden cortical/cerebral visual impairment (CVI).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Ophthalmological examination and VEPs in preterm children with perinatal CNS involvement

et al. 2008

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“…As for the amblyopia group, SPVEP acuities calculated from both methods were underestimated when the logMAR visual acuities were more than 0.50. Differences between logMAR visual acuity and SPVEP acuity were incompletely explained by differences in stimulus variables [23,24]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweep Pattern Visual Evoked Potential Acuity in Children during Their Periods of Visual Development

Li¹,

Su²,

Chen³

et al. 2011

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To study the clinical usage of sweep pattern visual evoked potential (SPVEP) acuity in children’s visual development periods and compare the amplitude-spatial frequency (A-SP) function regression method with the amplitude-logarithm of the visual angle (A-logVA) function regression method in evaluating the SPVEP acuity of children, especially those who have poor visual acuities. Methods: Twenty-six eyes of 26 amblyopic children (ages ranged from 3 to 12 years; mean age ± standard deviation 6.69 ± 1.74 years) and 31 eyes of normal children whose ages were matched with the amblyopic group were involved in this study. SPVEP acuity was recorded with GT-2000 NV (Guote Medical Apparatus Ltd., China) using sinusoidally modulated horizontal gratings with 10 different spatial frequencies from 0.99 to 12.89 cycles per degree to stimulate the retina. The averaging responses were displayed with the discrete Fourier transformation method. SPVEP acuity was assessed by both the A-SP function regression method and the A-logVA function regression method. The logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) chart was used to obtain logMAR visual acuity. Results: In the normal group, logMAR acuity calculated by both the A-SP and A-logVA function regression methods had a significant correlation with SPVEP acuity. The average value of SPVEP acuity (by A-logVA) was closer to logMAR acuity. The difference of mean values between logMAR acuity and SPVEP acuity was significant in both regression methods. In the amblyopic group, it was SPVEP acuity (by A-logVA) that had a significant correlation with logMAR acuity, whereas the result was not significant when calculated by the A-SP function regression method (p = 0.515). The average value of SPVEP acuity (A-SP) was closer to logMAR acuity. The difference of mean values between logMAR acuity and SPVEP acuity (A-logVA) was significant; however, when compared with SPVEP acuity (A-SP), it was not significant (p = 0.174). In addition, SPVEP acuity may be overestimated or underestimated when it is compared with different logMAR visual acuities. Conclusion: SPVEP could be used to evaluate the visual acuity for normal children or those with poor visual acuity. Moreover, the A-logVA function regression method was more accurate than the A-SP function regression method in evaluating SPVEP acuity.

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“…In the light of an abnormal VEP, however, the prognosis was not necessarily poor as sometimes in cases of clinical cortical vision impairment the VEP remained normal [9]. Lim et al [14] assessed visual acuity using pattern VEPs as well as preferential looking to investigate the development of visual acuity in children with cortical vision impairment. They found that both VEP and preferential looking acuity improved in children with cortical vision impairment although the increase in visual acuity was lower than in a visually normal population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical robust visual evoked potentials in young patients with cortical blindness

et al. 2009

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The objective of this study was to review retrospectively cases of clinically blind children in whom robust pattern visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded. VEP records from a 10-year period (1990-2000) were reviewed. We searched for charts of children who were clinically cortically blind, but in whom assessment of visual acuity, using visual evoked potentials (VEPs), was normal or close to normal. The majority (77.5%) of VEP and behavioral acuity measures were concordant (subset analysis). Of the 1,113 VEP records, 9 cases (<1% of records reviewed) had clinically compromised vision with fair to good levels of visual function using VEPs. The commonality among the cases was the presence of suspected cortical visual impairment with seizures and developmental delay. VEP acuity cannot be correlated unequivocally with visually guided behaviour. In specific cases, particularly cases with developmental delay and neuroradiographic abnormalities, a child who is behaviorally blind with no clinical evidence of vision may show robust VEPs even to small patterns. This finding might be consistent with a defect of the visual association cortex.

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Development of Visual Acuity in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Ophthalmological examination and VEPs in preterm children with perinatal CNS involvement

Ophthalmological examination and VEPs in preterm children with perinatal CNS involvement

Sweep Pattern Visual Evoked Potential Acuity in Children during Their Periods of Visual Development

Paradoxical robust visual evoked potentials in young patients with cortical blindness

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