Development of Wash-Durable Antimicrobial Cotton Fabrics by In Situ Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Antimicrobial Efficacy against Drug-Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

An environment friendly and wash-durable silver nanoparticle treatment of cotton fabrics was carried out by in situ reduction of silver nitrate using Azadirachta indica leaf extract. The wash durability of the silver nanoparticles treatment on the cotton fabric was improved by pretreating the fabrics by mercerization and by adopting hydrothermal conditions of 120 °C temperature and 15 psi pressure for the in situ synthesis. The silver nanoparticle treated fabrics were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, colorimetric analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The coating of silver nanoparticles was seen to be dense and uniform in the scanning electron micrographs of the treated fabrics. An evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of the silver nanoparticle treated fabric against antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains was carried out. The antibacterial efficacy was found to be the highest against Bacillus licheniformis, showing 93.3% inhibition, whereas it was moderate against Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%) and Escherichia coli (10%). The transmittance data of a UV spectrophotometer (290–400nm) was used for measuring the UV protection factor of the silver nanoparticle treated fabrics. All the silver nanoparticle treated fabrics showed good antimicrobial and UV protection activity. The treatment was also seen to be durable against repeated laundering. This paper contributes the first report on a novel green synthesis approach integrating mercerization of cotton fabrics and in situ synthesis of nanoparticles under hydrothermal conditions using Azadirachta indica leaf extract for improved wash durability of the multifunctional fabric.

Advancing Antimicrobial Textiles: A Comprehensive Study on Combating ESKAPE Pathogens and Ensuring User Safety

“…Consistent with the existing literature [54][55][56][57][58], our research findings highlight the outstanding antimicrobial activity of silver nitrate, zinc chloride, and tea tree oil, showing remarkable efficacy against all three bacterial strains. The observed percentages of antimicrobial activity are comparable to or higher than those reported in the literature for antimicrobial textiles targeting Gram-negative E. coli and K. pneumonia, as well as Gram-positive MRSA [51,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. However, it is important to note that our results revealed a discrepancy in effectiveness, with HM4005 and HM4072 exhibiting high efficacy (>80% bacterial reduction) against the tested Gram-negative bacteria species but demonstrating minimal activity against Gram-positive MRSA (0% and 25% bacterial reduction for HM4005 and HM4072, respectively).…”

“…Consistent with the existing literature [54][55][56][57][58], our research findings highlight the outstanding antimicrobial activity of silver nitrate, zinc chloride, and tea tree oil, showing remarkable efficacy against all three bacterial strains. The observed percentages of antimicrobial activity are comparable to or higher than those reported in the literature for antimicrobial textiles targeting Gram-negative E. coli and K. pneumonia, as well as Gram-positive MRSA [51,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. However, it is important to note…”

Comparison of the antimicrobial photocatalytic activities of SiO2 and Au@SiO2 nanostructures in water decontamination

“…In this regard, Au nanoparticle can act alternatively as an acceptor and as a donor of electrons, which help the electron transmit in reduction and oxidation reactions (Khan et al, 2016). Besides, biocidal nature of the metallic nanoparticles, such as Au or Ag is effective in enhancing photocatalytic activity due to toxic effect of metal released to the solution (Changcun & Meng, 2020, Jain, Kongkham, et al, 2022). The large surfaces of Au nanoparticles along with their inherent ability to penetrate the bacterial cells, can significantly affect the deactivation of bacteria.…”

Green Nanomaterials for Smart Textiles Dedicated to Environmental and Biomedical Applications

“…The antibacterial properties of the silver nanoparticles were also effective at killing bacteria in the surrounding area [38]. In a study [223], cotton fibres coated with silver nanoparticles have shown a good release of antibiotics over a sustained period, with the release rate varying depending on the thickness of the coating. Overall, smart textiles with green nanomaterials have the potential to revolutionize drug delivery by providing a targeted, localized approach to treatment.…”