Development of Wire Height Control Technique for All Position GTA Welding. Development of Fully Automated GTA Welding System for Pipe. (Report 1).

Metal transfer modes in plasma Wire + Arc additive manufacture

“…Therefore the plots include only 0.3% of the available data, which was extracted evenly from the whole data set. Both plots in Figure 8 are similar to those presented by Kobayashi et al (1996), where the contact frequency has a maximum value above 4 Hz when growth time is between 0.4 and 0.6. However, there is also a new feature found in this work, which is a pronounced rise of contact frequency at the upper end of the growth time values, labelled zone D. The configurations within zone D correspond to the highest positions of the wire, where the contact frequency is irregular.…”

“…The arc voltage was then filtered with a low pass filter of 200 Hz and converted with the algorithm presented further down, into a signal composed of only -1 and +1, for low and high voltage, respectively, which was called the constructed signal. The constructed signal is similar to the one captured by Kobayashi et al (1996), and was used to calculate the contact frequency (CF) and the relative time for droplet growth (GT), defined by:…”

“…Later on, Kobayashi et al (1996) observed TM1 to TM3 in pulsed TIG welding, with pulsed wire feeding. They also calculated the relative time of contact, compared to a given window of time.…”