Development of Zinc/Bromine Batteries for Load-Leveling Applications: Phase 2 Final Report

Clark, Nancy H.; Eidler, Phillip

doi:10.2172/14816

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Figure 6 shows a scheme of the three types: Although their feasibility has been well demonstrated by the commercial Zn-Br 2 RFB [46], these systems can be prone to blocked manifolds due to detached solids/dendrites, edge effects at electrodes and flow inlet/exit effects [85]. In hybrid systems involving metal deposition e.g., Zn-Ce [107] and Zn-Br 2 [108], slow self-discharge can take place by deposit corrosion. It is also difficult to achieve compact deposits during mixed or mass transport controlled conditions.…”

Section: Classification Of Rfbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of produced heat can also be estimated from the energy loss as given by the energy efficiency of the RFB [108]. Self-discharge, shunt current and Joule heating contributions have been modeled for a VRFB using separators with high vanadium ion permeability [179].…”

Section: Electrical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat exchangers are an integral part of utility-scale RFBs, e.g., in the all vanadium [299] and Zn-Br 2 [108] systems, and electrolyte flow can be exploited for the thermal management.…”

Section: Electrical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, heat exchangers are fabricated with titanium or glass, which increase costs. Alternatives, such as long polymer tubing, have been considered for RFBs [108]. In principle, heat transfer coefficient of stacks and electrolyte reservoirs (insulated or not) can be controlled [179], and it has been suggested that the area/volume relationship of electrolyte reservoirs could be adjusted to aid thermal management [178].…”

Section: Electrical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow distributors can be separated inserts, while the frame manifolds can have tortuous paths, e.g., spirals, for shunt current minimization [74]. In RFBs with metal deposition, the frame can cover more of the bipolar plate surface in one side so as to minimise concentration of current in the edges of the electrode [108]. The membrane is kept in place by mechanical compression or, more reliably, welded to the polymer frames [72].…”

Section: Construction Of Cells and Stacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Engineering aspects of the design, construction and performance of modular redox flow batteries for energy storage

Arenas

León

Walsh

2017

Journal of Energy Storage

261

162

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Despite many studies and several extensive reviews of redox flow batteries (RFBs) over the last three decades, information on engineering aspects is scarce, which hinders progress with scale-up and implementation of this energy storage technology. This review summarises cell design requirements then critically considers design, construction and cell features together with their benefits and problems, leading to good practice through improved cell performance, knowledge and experience. Techniques for the characterisation of the reaction environment are illustrated by measurements of mass transport to (and from) electrode surfaces as a function of flow conditions, as well as pressure drop and electrolyte flow dispersion. The effect of design features on performance is illustrated by the effect of process conditions on the components of cell potential. Adequate attention to engineering aspects is seen to be critical to the effective performance of RFBs, particularly during scale-up and long-term operation. Techniques for the characterisation of reaction environment are summarised and a list of essential design and construction factors is provided. Finally, critical areas needing research and development are highlighted.

show abstract

Section: Classification Of Rfbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat exchangers are an integral part of utility-scale RFBs, e.g., in the all vanadium [299] and Zn-Br 2 [108] systems, and electrolyte flow can be exploited for the thermal management.…”

Section: Electrical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Construction Of Cells and Stacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Engineering aspects of the design, construction and performance of modular redox flow batteries for energy storage

Arenas

León

Walsh

2017

Journal of Energy Storage

261

162

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Redox Flow – Zn–Br

Kim

Lee

Kim

et al. 2020

Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry

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This article covers zinc–bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) technology, which is a redox flow battery technology that is suitable for large‐scale energy storage. Due to its nonflammability, relatively high energy density, and modular design, the ZBB is now a promising candidate for energy storage systems on multi‐kW to MW scales. This article presents a thorough description of the electrochemical principle, major components, and structural design of ZBB. The information collected from a wide range of studies is organized in a new configuration to elicit the key features of ZBB technology and the issues involved in advanced ZBB technology.

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Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Transportation to Electrical Grid

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

625

333

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Large‐scale electrical energy storage has become more important than ever for reducing fossil energy consumption in transportation and for the widespread deployment of intermittent renewable energy in electric grid. However, significant challenges exist for its applications. Here, the status and challenges are reviewed from the perspective of materials science and materials chemistry in electrochemical energy storage technologies, such as Li‐ion batteries, sodium (sulfur and metal halide) batteries, Pb‐acid battery, redox flow batteries, and supercapacitors. Perspectives and approaches are introduced for emerging battery designs and new chemistry combinations to reduce the cost of energy storage devices.

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Development of Zinc/Bromine Batteries for Load-Leveling Applications: Phase 2 Final Report

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Engineering aspects of the design, construction and performance of modular redox flow batteries for energy storage

Engineering aspects of the design, construction and performance of modular redox flow batteries for energy storage

Redox Flow – Zn–Br

Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Transportation to Electrical Grid

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