Development of μ-Fluorescent and Diffracted X-Ray Spectrometer with a Fine Focused X-Ray Beam and Its Application for Ulsi Microanalysis

Yamamoto, Naoki

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5377-9_19

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Rotating anode X-ray sources can provide bright line radiation, but synchrotron radiation is necessary for variable frequency photons. Focusing can be enhanced through capillary X-ray waveguiding (Yamamoto 1997) or, potentially, by the development of nanostructured optical elements.…”

Section: Focused Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Research Directions: IWGN Workshop Report. Vision for Nanotechnology R&D in the Next Decade

Roco¹,

Rb²,

Alivisatos³

1999

207

118

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That document provided a basis for the Federal government to assess how to make strategic research and development (R&D) investments in this emerging field of nanotechnology through the formulation of national R&D priorities and a strategy for state, local, and Federal government support.This IWGN Workshop Report, Nanotechnology Research Directions, builds upon the foundation provided in the first report and incorporates a vision for how the nanotechnology community -Federal agencies, industries, universities, and professional societies --can more effectively coordinate efforts to develop a wide range of revolutionary commercial applications. It incorporates perspectives developed at a January 1999 IWGN-sponsored workshop by experts from universities, industry, and the Federal government. This report identifies challenges and opportunities in the nanotechnology field and outlines the necessary steps on how advances made in nano-science, engineering, and technology can help to boost our nation's economy, ensure better healthcare, and enhance national security in the coming decade.Preparing for the challenges of the new millennium requires strategic investments. Nanotechnology Research Directions will help our nation develop a balanced R&D nanotechnology infrastructure, advance critical research areas, and nurture the scientific and technical workforce of the next century. Nanotechnology Research Directions: IWGN Workshop ReportVision for Nanotechnology Ri&D in the Next Decade EXECUTIVE SUMMARYNanotechnology is the creation and utilization of materials, devices, and systems through the control of matter on the nanometer-length scale, that is, at the level of atoms, molecules, and supramolecular structures. The essence of nanotechnology is the ability to work at these levels to generate larger structures with fundamentally new molecular organization. These "nanostructures," made with building blocks understood from first principles, are the smallest human-made objects, and they exhibit novel physical, chemical, and biological properties and phenomena. The aim of nanotechnology is to learn to exploit these properties and efficiently manufacture and employ the structures.Control of matter on the nanoscale already plays an important role in scientific disciplines as diverse as physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, medicine, engineering, and computer simulation. For example, it has been shown that carbon nanotubes are ten times as strong as steel with one sixth of the weight, and that nanoparticles can target and kill cancer cells. Nanoscale systems have the potential to make supersonic transport costeffective and to increase computer efficiency by millions of times. As understanding develops of the way natural and living systems are governed by molecular behavior at nanometer scale, and as this understanding begins to be felt in science and medicine, researchers seek systematic approaches for nanoscale-based manufacturing of humanmade products.All natural materials and systems .establish their foundation a...

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Section: Focused Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%