Development Status in the Meadow of Nanostructure Magnetic Drug Delivery System and Its Promising Applications

Objective: The objective of this study is to design an automated ocular drug delivery system controlled by an open-source syringe pump, which in turn is to be controlled using Arduino UNO.Methods: The Arduino UNO is the microcontroller used to control the entire setup. The drug delivery is executed using the open-source syringe pump. A 12V NEMA 17 stepper motor is used to execute the pump movements. To facilitate the ease of use, an Android application developed using Android Studio has been developed, where inputs are given in the form of the required drug dose. The application plays the role of converting the requested drug dose into the number of steps required to run the stepper motor. The stepper motor works based on simple lead-screw mechanism.Results: The designed syringe pump has been tested using water. It was determined that for 42 steps a drug volume of 30 μl is dispensed by the designed device. Typically, a drop volume ranges from 33.8 μl to 63.4 μl and the device that has been discussed in this article can deliver a minimum volume of 30 μl.Conclusion: Using this device, excessive use of drugs can be minimalized, thus reducing the capital investment put behind ocular drugs.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Drug Delivery System Using Open-Source Syringe Pump

Surya

Bose

Kulkarni

et al. 2018

“…UV spectrum was recorded in the range of 200-800 nm by Shimadzu double-beam UV-visible spectrophotometer against blank buffer solution pH 7.4. The wavelength for maximum absorbance was recorded [6].…”

Section: Determination Of λ Maxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability and Dissolution Enhancement of Glyburide Nanosuspension

2019

Objective: The main objective was to develop nanosuspension of glyburide (GLY) by quasi emulsification solvent diffusion method and to enhance dissolution and bioavailability characteristics of the drug GLY, an antidiabetic drug which belongs to Biopharmaceutical Classification System-II category. Materials and Methods: In this work, nanoparticles were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and Eudragit RL100. Twelve formulations of GLY (GLY-1–GLY-12) were formulated using the excipients at various compositions. Drug and excipient compatibility studies were conducted using Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimeter. The prepared nanosuspension was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy for surface of the particle analysis, melting point, solubility, particle charge zeta (mv), percentage drug entrapment efficiency (%), and in vitro drug release. The optimized formulations of nanosuspension were further studied for in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed, validated, and used for the study of these formulations in rat plasma. Results: From these studies, it was confirmed that drugs and excipients chosen were compatible with each other. GLY-8 was the best formulation with a particle size of 85–96 nm with 168.7°C melting point, freely soluble in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, 93.53% drug entrapment, and 90.26±1 mV of zeta potential. This formulation shows percentage drug release of 99.85% in 24 h. In vivo pharmacokinetic study for optimized formulation (GLY -8) suggested that there was no reaction with the rat plasma. From the results, it was shown that Cmax and Tmax were found to be 0.604±0.03 μg/ml and 2±1.01 h, respectively. The values of t1/2 (h), area under the curve (AUC) (0-t), and AUC (0-∞) were found to be 10.04 h, 2.562±0.41 μg.h/ml, and 2.147±0.45 μg.h/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, oral administration of nanosuspension could not only provide the better absorption of poorly water soluble drugs but may also reduce toxicity and provide a new tool in drug delivery system.

“…The remediation of biomedical materials, especially nanomaterials to MSCs, was found to be a promising tactic to modulate the cell functions particularly cell proliferation and differentiation into particular progenies [27][28][29]. Alteration of the antioxidant activity plays a key role in maintaining the optimum intracellular redox balance which is important for conserving the normal functioning of cellular systems, including DNA repair and stem cells signaling [30].…”

Section: Effect Of Nanomaterials On Msc Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the Antioxidant Property of Cerium and Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticles to Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation

Aglan

Mabrouk

Aly

et al. 2018

Objective: This work was designed to explore if cerium oxide (CeO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles as antioxidant agents could potentiate the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human dental pulp (hDPSCs).Methods: Nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, particle size and zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Furthermore, MSCs were isolated from human dental pulp, propagated and characterized by flow cytometry. Thereafter, the proliferative impact of the suggested nanoparticles on hDPSCs was investigated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.Results: Different sizes (14.09–26.50 nm and 18.80–31.31 nm) for CeO2 and Y2O3 respectively, morphology, charges, and proliferative efficacy in hDPSCs were recorded for both nanoparticles.Conclusion: Generally speaking, the tested nanoparticles heightened the proliferative response of hDPSCs with the most prominent effect exerted by 15 μg/ml of CeO2 and 5 μg/ml of Y2O3. It is reasonable to assume that the antioxidant property of CeO2 and Y2O3 be involved in strengthening the proliferation process of hDPSCs.