Development Trend in Composition Optimization, Microstructure Manipulation, and Strengthening Methods of Die Steels under Lightweight and Integrated Die Casting

Bao, Ze-Ju; Yang, Hong-Yu; Dong, Bai-Xin; Chang, Fang; Li, Chuan-De; Jiang, Ying; Chen, Liang-Yu; Shu, Shi-Li; Jiang, Qi-Chuan; Qiu, Feng

doi:10.3390/ma16186235

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…Only the differences from the preparation of the A1050 precursor are described below. ADC12 plates were fabricated by the die-casting method [57][58][59]. The tool was traversed at a tool speed of 1200 rpm and a tool traversing speed of 120 mm/min, and the same area was stirred four times.…”

Section: Precursor Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Two-Layer Aluminum Foam Consisting of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Using Optical Heating

Hangai,

Takagi,

Goto

et al. 2024

Materials

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Aluminum foam is a lightweight material and has excellent shock-absorbing properties. Various properties of aluminum foam can be obtained by changing the base aluminum alloy. Multi-layer aluminum foam can be fabricated by varying the alloy type of the base aluminum alloy, but with different foaming temperatures, within a single aluminum foam to achieve multiple properties. In this study, we attempted to fabricate a two-layer aluminum foam with the upper layer of a commercially pure aluminum A1050 foam and the lower layer of an Al-Si-Cu aluminum alloy ADC12 foam by using an optical heating device that can heat from both the upper and lower sides. Two types of heating methods were investigated. One is to directly stack the A1050 precursor coated with black toner on top of the ADC12 precursor and to foam it from the top and bottom by optical heating. The other is to place a wire mesh between the ADC12 precursor and the A1050 precursor and place the A1050 precursor on the wire mesh, thereby creating a space between the precursors, which is then foamed by optical heating from the top and bottom. It was shown that both precursors can be foamed and joined, and a two-layer A1050/ADC12 foam can be fabricated for both types of heating methods. In the method in which two precursors were stacked and foamed, even if the light intensity of the halogen lamps on the top and bottom were adjusted, heat conduction occurred between the stacked precursors, and the foaming of each precursor could not be controlled, resulting in tilting of the joining interface. In the method of foaming using a wire mesh with a gap between two precursors, it was found that by adjusting the light intensity, the two precursors can be foamed almost simultaneously and achieve similar pore structures. The joining interface can also be maintained horizontally.

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Section: Precursor Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Two-Layer Aluminum Foam Consisting of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Using Optical Heating

Hangai,

Takagi,

Goto

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…The most powerful methods in metal processing, such as die casting and selective laser sintering, will heat the metal until melting to break the metal bonds. The consequence is that most of the energy ends up wasted in the cooling process. , Thermoplastic polymers improve this process by getting into the viscous state without breaking chemical bonds, but their inherent viscosity limits the complexity of the ordered structure they can achieve . This faithfully reflects the weakening of the ability to construct ordered structures when reducing the energy input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium-Containing Dynamic Materials: Structure Programming through Selective Dissipation

Tan,

2024

Acc. Mater. Res.

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Metrics & MoreArticle Recommendations CONSPECTUS:The success of living systems lies in using mild conditions to construct diverse structures by reducing energy barriers that need to be overcome. However, the most powerful processing methods developed by humans, such as integrated die casting and additive manufacturing, are either energy-consuming or time-consuming. Hence, it is very attractive and environmentally friendly to use simple, prebuilt, programmable components and transform them into structures with various functions by using mild processing methods. Dynamic covalent bonds, which can transform the entire structure by breaking a few low-energy bonds in the material, reduce the energy required to be input and dissipated when constructing ordered structures, making them an important tool for developing programmable materials with mild processing conditions. The challenges in this field lie in improving the accessibility, efficiency, and batch-processing capability. The establishment of order relies critically on selective energy input or dissipation. In this context, "order" refers to a thermodynamic state that deviates from equilibrium, exemplified by a temperature gradient or specific spatial distribution of particles, which simultaneously increases systemic order and reduces entropy. To forge such ordered systems or structures, energy input or dissipation must be selective rather than uniform. However, selectivity necessitates patterned inputs or stimuli, such as digital light processing, templating, or additive manufacturing, which are inherently customized and thus not readily scalable for mass industrial production. Consequently, the pivotal solution lies in minimizing the reliance on patterned stimuli. For example, the accessibility and scalability of flood illumination are superior to digital light processing. Concurrently, when reducing the usage of patterned stimuli, we need to increase the dissipation rate between multiple materials that can be integrated together to construct ordered structures, which is an essential aspect for improving efficiency. This Account summarizes how our research group uses the dissipative characteristics of selenium and the information density of light to achieve selective energy input and dissipation in two-dimensional plane and three-dimensional space. In this process, we propose a series of unique strategies for ordered structure programming, such as interfacial, unconstrained, or modular methods. These methods either reduce the usage of patterned stimuli, or improve the efficiency, and ultimately reduce the time of structure programming with nonpatterned stimuli to within minutes. Moreover, we also look forward from the perspective of chemical design to illustrate how selenium and its derived dynamic covalent bonds can accelerate the rate of energy dissipation, increase the difference of dissipation rate between the dissipation and nondissipation areas, and further reduce the time required to structure programming to within seconds.

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Recent advances in wear-resistant steel matrix composites: A review of reinforcement particle selection and preparation processes

Wang,

Zheng,

Long

et al. 2024

Journal of Materials Research and Technology

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Development Trend in Composition Optimization, Microstructure Manipulation, and Strengthening Methods of Die Steels under Lightweight and Integrated Die Casting

Cited by 5 publications

References 139 publications

Fabrication of Two-Layer Aluminum Foam Consisting of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Using Optical Heating

Fabrication of Two-Layer Aluminum Foam Consisting of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Using Optical Heating

Selenium-Containing Dynamic Materials: Structure Programming through Selective Dissipation

Recent advances in wear-resistant steel matrix composites: A review of reinforcement particle selection and preparation processes

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