Developmental and lethal effects of glyphosate and a glyphosate-based product on Xenopus laevis embryos and tadpoles

Turhan, Duygu Özhan; Güngördü, Abbas; Özmen, Murat

doi:10.1007/s00128-019-02774-z

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…When compared to chronic exposure studies with other popular non-mammalian organismal models, such as developing zebrafish, nematodes, or frogs, we found that the general trends were conserved. For example, studies in developing zebrafish ( de Brito Rodrigues et al, 2019 ), nematodes ( Jacques et al, 2019 ), or frogs ( Turhan et al, 2020 ; Howe et al, 2004 ) that had direct comparisons found that GBHs (of various formulations) were more toxic than pure glyphosate. Moreover, similar to the results reported here in planarians, non-lethality effects with pure glyphosate were often only seen at concentrations that also induced significant lethality ( Sulukan et al, 2017 ; García-Espiñeira et al, 2018 ; Gaur and Bhargava, 2019 ; Lu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative toxicity assessment of glyphosate and two commercial formulations in the planarian Dugesia japonica

Fuselier,

Ireland,

et al. 2023

Front. Toxicol.

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Introduction: Glyphosate is a widely used, non-selective herbicide. Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are considered safe for non-target organisms and environmentally benign at currently allowed environmental exposure levels. However, their increased use in recent years has triggered questions about possible adverse outcomes due to low dose chronic exposure in animals and humans. While the toxicity of GBHs has primarily been attributed to glyphosate, other largely unstudied components of GBHs may be inherently toxic or could act synergistically with glyphosate. Thus, comparative studies of glyphosate and GBHs are needed to parse out their respective toxicity.Methods: We performed such a comparative screen using pure glyphosate and two popular GBHs at the same glyphosate acid equivalent concentrations in the freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica. This planarian has been shown to be a useful model for both ecotoxicology and neurotoxicity/developmental neurotoxicity studies. Effects on morphology and various behavioral readouts were obtained using an automated screening platform, with assessments on day 7 and day 12 of exposure. Adult and regenerating planarians were screened to allow for detection of developmentally selective effects.Results: Both GBHs were more toxic than pure glyphosate. While pure glyphosate induced lethality at 1 mM and no other effects, both GBHs induced lethality at 316 μM and sublethal behavioral effects starting at 31.6 μM in adult planarians. These data suggest that glyphosate alone is not responsible for the observed toxicity of the GBHs. Because these two GBHs also include other active ingredients, namely diquat dibromide and pelargonic acid, respectively, we tested whether these compounds were responsible for the observed effects. Screening of the equivalent concentrations of pure diquat dibromide and pure pelargonic acid revealed that the toxicity of either GBH could not be explained by the active ingredients alone.Discussion: Because all compounds induced toxicity at concentrations above allowed exposure levels, our data indicates that glyphosate/GBH exposure is not an ecotoxicological concern for D. japonica planarians. Developmentally selective effects were not observed for all compounds. Together, these data demonstrate the usefulness of high throughput screening in D. japonica planarians for assessing various types of toxicity, especially for comparative studies of several chemicals across different developmental stages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative toxicity assessment of glyphosate and two commercial formulations in the planarian Dugesia japonica

Fuselier,

Ireland,

et al. 2023

Front. Toxicol.

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“…Navarro-Martıń et al (88) observed an increase in Dio2 and Dio3 expression in the brain and a delay in metamorphosis of tadpoles treated with GBH. Thereafter, other studies reporting deleterious effects of glyphosate formulations in the metamorphosis were conducted (89)(90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95).…”

Section: Glyphosate Toxicity In Hpt Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Be Associated With Increased Thyroid Diseases Worldwide?

Romano

Oliveira

et al. 2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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The increased incidence of thyroid diseases raises a series of questions about what the main predisposing factors are nowadays. If dietary restriction of iodine was once a major global health concern, today, the processes of industrialization of food and high exposure to a wide variety of environmental chemicals may be affecting, directly or indirectly, thyroid function. The homeostasis of hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis is finely regulated through the negative feedback mechanism exerted by thyroid hormones. Allostatic mechanisms are triggered to adjust the physiology of HPT axis in chronic conditions. Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides are pesticides with controversial endocrine disrupting activities and only few studies have approached their effects on HPT axis and thyroid function. However, glyphosate has an electrophilic and nucleophilic zwitterion chemical structure that may affect the mechanisms involved in iodide oxidation and organification, as well as the oxidative phosphorylation in the ATP synthesis. Thus, in this review, we aimed to: (1) discuss the critical points in the regulation of HPT axis and thyroid hormones levels balance, which may be susceptible to the toxic action of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides, correlating the molecular mechanisms involved in glyphosate toxicity described in the literature that may, directly or indirectly, be associated to the higher incidence of thyroid diseases; and (2) present the literature regarding glyphosate toxicity in HPT axis.

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“…In GBHs, glyphosate is the primary active component, which is widely used for agronomic purposes, including weed control and crop desiccation. Approximately 140,000 tons of glyphosate is used annually, which is often found in products such as Roundup (commercial name of a commonly used herbicide) [57]. Desiccation of crops, particularly wheat, is one agricultural technique that gained favor in the 1990s and continues till today.…”

Section: Glyphosate-based Herbicides (Gbhs): Role In Modern Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Breeding, Fertilizers, and Pesticides: Do They Contribute to the Increasing Immunogenic Properties of Modern Wheat?

Mandal

Verma

2021

Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Celiac disease (CD) is a small intestinal inflammatory condition where consumption of gluten induces a T-cell mediated immune response that damages the intestinal mucosa in susceptible individuals. CD affects at least 1% of the world’s population. The increasing prevalence of CD has been reported over the last few decades. However, the reason for this increase is not known so far. Certain factors such as increase in awareness and the development of advanced and highly sensitive diagnostic screening markers are considered significant factors for this increase. Wheat breeding strategies, fertilizers, and pesticides, particularly herbicides, are also thought to have a role in the increasing prevalence. However, less is known about this issue. In this review, we investigated the role of these agronomic practices in depth. Our literature-based results showed that wheat breeding, use of nitrogen-based fertilizers, and herbicides cannot be solely responsible for the increase in celiac prevalence. However, applying nitrogen fertilizers is associated with an increase in gluten in wheat, which increases the risk of developing celiac-specific symptoms in gluten-sensitive individuals. Additionally, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) techniques can edit multiple gliadin genes, resulting in a low-immunogenic wheat variety that is safe for such individuals.

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Developmental and lethal effects of glyphosate and a glyphosate-based product on Xenopus laevis embryos and tadpoles

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Comparative toxicity assessment of glyphosate and two commercial formulations in the planarian Dugesia japonica

Comparative toxicity assessment of glyphosate and two commercial formulations in the planarian Dugesia japonica

Could Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Be Associated With Increased Thyroid Diseases Worldwide?

Wheat Breeding, Fertilizers, and Pesticides: Do They Contribute to the Increasing Immunogenic Properties of Modern Wheat?

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