Developmental and Seasonal Metabolic Activities in Marine Molluscs

Gabbott, P.A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-751402-4.50012-1

Cited by 160 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…These results are in accordance with Goulletquer (1989), who showed that winter mortalities in Manila clams along the French Atlantic coast in the 1980s were associated with a decrease in the condition index and in the glycogen reserves, wich constitute the main energy reserves for bivalves (see reviews by Gabbot, 1976Gabbot, , 1983Lucas, 1993). These winter mortalities were subsequently attributed to BRD (Paillard, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Brown Ring Disease on the energy budget of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Flye-Sainte-Marie

Pouvreau

Paillard

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Brown Ring Disease (BRD) is a bacterial disease caused by the pathogen, Vibrio tapetis. The disease induces formation of a brown deposit on inner shell of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. Development of this disease is correlated with a decrease in the condition index of infected clams. Experiments were conduced in order to assess the effect of the development of BRD on two parameters affecting the energy balance of the clams: the clearance and the respiration rates. Experiments were performed in a physiological measurement system that allowed simultaneous measures of clearance and respiration rates. During both acclimation and measurements clams were fed with cultured T-iso and temperature was close to seasonal field temperature (10 • C). Our results showed that severely diseased clams (conchiolin deposit stage, CDS ≥ 4) are subject to weight loss in comparison to uninfected ones, indicating that BRD induces a desequilibrium in the energy balance. We demonstrated a reduction of the clearance rate of severely diseased clams which led to a decrease in energy acquisition. Respiration rate showed asignificant decrease with BRD symptoms, but evidence in the literature allowed us to hypothesize that energy mobilised for an immune response and lesion repair increases overall organism maintenance costs. Both factors should thus contribute to the degradation of the energy balance of diseased clams. Because effects of BRD on naturally infected clams only appears significant for CDS ≥ 4, when brown ring assumes a significant place on the inner shell, we consider that the Manila clam is tolerant of low disease levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Brown Ring Disease on the energy budget of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Flye-Sainte-Marie

Pouvreau

Paillard

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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“…Alternatively other mechanisms may operate during the larval stage which compensate for the higher protein catabolism postulated by Hilbish and Koehn (1985b) to occur in adult individuals carrying the Lap94 allele. It is known that lipids provide the major energy reserves in larvae compared to glycogen in adults of certain bivalves (Gabbott, 1983) and it is therefore possible that the relative importance of other metabolic and catabolic pathways Sound is thought to rely principally upon an annual influx of cohorts of larvae derived from an oceanic population of mussels with a high frequency of Lap94 (Koehn, 1985). However, if Lap94 is favoured at low salinity during the larval stage, it is possible to postulate some further recruitment from within the sound by cohorts of larvae derived from indigenous populations with low Lap94 frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic studies of laboratory reared Mytilus edulis. I. Genotype specific selection in relation to salinity

Beaumont¹,

Beveridge²,

Barnet³

et al. 1988

Heredity

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Significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in natural populations of bivalves may be due to a number of factors such as the Wahlund effect, null alleles and selection, and it is often difficult to decide which of these factors is operating. The use of laboratory controlled single crosses and mass matings, where the genotypes of the parents are known, can provide strong evidence for selection when deviations from expected genotype frequencies are observed in the offspring. Several cultures of offspring from a single cross and from a mass mating of the mussel, Mytilus edulis, were reared through the larval stage at either 32 or 25 parts per thousand salinity. At the early post-larval stage salinities were altered for some cultures while others remained unchanged. Samples were taken for electrophoresis as post-larvae and again as juveniles and were scored at the Lap, Pgm, Odh, Hex, Pgk and Gpi loci. Significant deviations from expected frequencies were observed at many loci in the offspring but these deviations did not appear to be related to salinity except at the Lap locus. The allele Lap94 was selected against at low salinity during the post-larval to juvenile stage, but no such selection occurred at low salinity during the larval stage. The data fit Koehn's (1985) model of post-larval selection at the Lap locus in mussels in Long Island Sound, USA, but suggest that there may be ontogenetic variation in fitness at this locus. Results at the Pgm and Gpi loci indicate that these loci are probably acting as markers for other loci on the same chromosome which have a strong effect on fitness. Density dependent factors may have caused some of the non-random mortality amongst offspring which was apparently independent of salinity.

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“…Carefoot et al (1998) stated that because the digestive gland is the chief organ involved in these energy transformations in abalone, its greatest relative size and metabolic activity would be expected to occur concomitantly with active gametogenesis. In bivalves, lipid reserves are considered to be used principally in gametogenesis and lost during spawning (Gabbott, 1983). Soudant et al (1999) studied the biochemical composition of the Pacific oyster through the reproductive cycle and found that the stable and high percentage of neutral lipids in the gonad plus mantle underscores the fact that lipid reserves were preferentially located in that organ.…”

Section: Proximate Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spawning season, fecundity and proximate composition of the gonads of wild-caught blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) from Port Fairy waters, south eastern Australia

Litaay¹

2003

Aquatic Living Resources

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Developmental and Seasonal Metabolic Activities in Marine Molluscs

Cited by 160 publications

References 103 publications

Impact of Brown Ring Disease on the energy budget of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Impact of Brown Ring Disease on the energy budget of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

Genetic studies of laboratory reared Mytilus edulis. I. Genotype specific selection in relation to salinity

Spawning season, fecundity and proximate composition of the gonads of wild-caught blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) from Port Fairy waters, south eastern Australia

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