“…Consistent with these findings, research on a phenomenon known as the generation effect suggests that the act of generating known lexical or semantic information promotes memory for self-generated items (Bertsch, Pesta, Wiscott, & McDaniel, 2007; Gardiner, Gregg, & Hampton, 1988; Gardiner & Hampton, 1985). Furthermore, until approximately 9 years of age, the generation effect is predominantly demonstrated through forced-choice measures as compared to open-ended measures (McFarland, Duncan, & Bruno, 1983). Based on this analogous developmental pattern, it is therefore reasonable to conclude that the act of operating over separate but related facts in order to derive new knowledge might have conferred benefits for retention of that information over a delay, despite having demonstrated this self-derived knowledge in a less robust form initially.…”