Developmental bioengineering: recapitulating development for repair

Goldfield, Eugene C.; Coppens, MO

doi:10.1039/d0me00062k

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 92 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…The biomaterials with transplanted stem cells act as a synthetic niche for tissue development. [ 18 ] Therefore, biomaterials and other scaffolds have been regarded to be beneficial to the internal cellular architecture of the OOCs. [ 13 ] The more faithfully the extracellular microenvironment recapitulated by biomaterials, including extracellular matrix (ECM) components, secreted factors, and other cell types, the better the dynamic spatio‐temporal control of cell signaling will be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Techniques for Next‐Generation Organoid Systems

Gong

Kang

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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PSCs (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), or adult stem cells (ASCs). Pioneered in the Yoshiki Sasai lab, where cortical tissues and optic-cuplike structures were firstly induced from ESCs in vitro, [1,2] organoid technology is regarded as a milestone in the stem cell field because it cast light upon the path to stably growing self-aggregating and selfrenewing stem cells into native tissues by mimicking developmental processes. [3] Subsequently, the rapidly developing field of organoid technology is advancing the maturity of technology for developing 3D macrostructures of organs such as the retina, [4] heart, [5] liver, [6] kidney, [7] and intestines. [8] In marked contrast to traditional 2D monocultures of cell lines losing cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, organoids maintain and define in situ phenotypes fairly well. Despite organoids having shown great progress in tissue morphogenesis and organogenesis, the lack of organ-specific biochemical and physical microenvironments and nonphysiological shape and size have limited the function and real-life applications of organoids. Therefore, innovative strategies are urgently needed to precisely control perfusion conditions, nutrient supply, and mechanical cues in order to establish an optimal microenvironment for organoid cultures.The recently developed organs-on-a-chip (OOC) technology provides an in vivo-like microenvironment, showing great potential to enhance our understanding of organ development, physiology, and pathology. [9] Besides, the application of dynamic flow conditions or mechanical stimuli provided by OOCs can improve the terminal maturation of cells. [10,11] OOCs usually are comprised of specialized cell types and tissue elements (biochemical and biophysical cues of in vivo microenvironment), aiming to capture key functions of a specific organ. [12] Organoids rely on the self-organization of growing stem cell aggregates, whereas OOC is based on a reductionist engineering approach. In addition, organoids are multicellular 3D tissue with an architecture resembling some aspects of original tissues, which are not classified as OOC because of their production through stochastic self-organization from PSCs or ASCs and lack of microenvironment elements. [13] However, organoid and OOC techniques each have their own advantages, and they can be appropriately combined to enable highfidelity human modeling from stem cells. [14] Such synergistic Organoids are 3D multicellular structures derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) or adult stem cells (ASCs), which have attracted increasing interest in the fields of drug screening, cell therapy, and regenerative medicine. Despite considerable success in culturing organoids with native microanatomy, challenges to achieving a physiologically relevant microenvironment remain. Complex dynamic feedback between cells and the extracellular matrix and uncontrollable mechano-physiological cues hamper the further study of organoid systems. Innovative engineering approaches are needed to produce, control, and analy...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%