Developmental changes in natural scene viewing in infancy.

Pomaranski, Katherine I.; Hayes, Taylor R.; Kwon, Mee-Kyoung; Henderson, John M.; Oakes, Lisa M.

doi:10.1037/dev0001020

Cited by 18 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…However, our results corroborate other findings in the literature that there are larger effects of salience on attention in 4-to 6-month-old infants than in infants who are older than 6 months (Frank et al, 2009;Kwon et al, 2016;Pomaranski et al, 2021). Specifically, in the work presented here, although both groups of infants had shorter latencies to look at the singleton and increased their maintenance of attention on the singleton as relative salience increased, 6-month-old infants showed larger effects than did 8-month-old infants.…”

Section: Contributions To Our Understanding Of Attention Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These results are consistent with research in adults showing that quantitative variations in salience lead to quantitative variations in the probability and latency of attention capture (Gaspar et al, 2016;Luck et al, 2006;Töllner et al, 2011). They are also consistent with research in both infants and adults showing that physical salience impacts attention in natural scenes that do not contain singletons (Itti, 2005;Koehler et al, 2014;Pomaranski et al, 2021).…”

Section: Salience Versus Singleton Statussupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Physical salience has a larger effect on attention capture in infants 6 months and younger than on older infants (Frank et al, 2009;Kwon et al, 2016;Pomaranski et al, 2021). With increasing age, infants become able to suppress or inhibit responding to the most physically salient item and direct their attention to more meaningful items.…”

Section: Visual Attention In Infancymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous research has demonstrated that infants' attention is influenced by physical salience in other contexts. For example, infants are more likely to look at salient locations in video stimuli (Frank et al, 2009) and complex natural scenes (Pomaranski et al, 2021). In a variation of visual search using arrays composed of heterogeneous items, Kwon et al (2016) observed that 4-month-old infants' attention was captured by the most physically salient item in the array, even though the array also contained a non-salient social stimulus (a human face).…”

Section: Visual Attention In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A New Perspective on the Role of Physical Salience in Visual Search: Graded Effect of Salience on Infants’ Attention

DeBolt¹,

Samantha²,

Pomaranski³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We tested 6- and 8-month-old White and Non-White infants (N = 53 total, 28 girls) from Northern California, USA, in a visual search task to determine whether a unique item in an otherwise homogeneous display (a singleton) attracts attention because it is a unique singleton and “pops out” in a categorical manner, or whether attention instead varies in a graded manner on the basis of quantitative differences in physical salience. Infants viewed arrays of 4 or 6 items; one item was a singleton and the other items were identical distractors (e.g., a single cookie and 3 identical toy cars). At both ages, infants looked to the singletons first more often, were faster to look at singletons, and looked longer at singletons. However, when a computational model was used to quantify the relative salience of the singleton in each display— which varied widely among the different singleton-distractor combinations—we found a strong, graded effect of physical salience on attention and no evidence that singleton status per se influenced attention. In addition, consistent with other research on attention in infancy, the effect of salience was stronger for 6-month-old infants than for 8-month-old infants. Taken together, these results show that attention-getting and attention-holding in infancy vary continuously with quantitative variations in physical salience rather than depending in a categorical manner on whether an item is unique.

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Section: Contributions To Our Understanding Of Attention Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Salience Versus Singleton Statussupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Visual Attention In Infancymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Visual Attention In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A New Perspective on the Role of Physical Salience in Visual Search: Graded Effect of Salience on Infants’ Attention

DeBolt¹,

Samantha²,

Pomaranski³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Salience Versus Singleton Statussupporting

confidence: 91%

A new perspective on the role of physical salience in visual search: Graded effect of salience on infants’ attention.

DeBolt¹,

Mitsven²,

Pomaranski³

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychology

Self Cite

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We tested 6- and 8-month-old White and non-White infants (N = 53 total, 28 girls) from Northern California in a visual search task to determine whether a unique item in an otherwise homogeneous display (a singleton) attracts attention because it is a unique singleton and “pops out” in a categorical manner, or whether attention instead varies in a graded manner on the basis of quantitative differences in physical salience. Infants viewed arrays of four or six items; one item was a singleton and the other items were identical distractors (e.g., a single cookie and three identical toy cars). At both ages, infants looked to the singletons first more often, were faster to look at singletons, and looked longer at singletons. However, when a computational model was used to quantify the relative salience of the singleton in each display—which varied widely among the different singleton-distractor combinations—we found a strong, graded effect of physical salience on attention and no evidence that singleton status per se influenced attention. In addition, consistent with other research on attention in infancy, the effect of salience was stronger for 6-month-old infants than for 8-month-old infants. Taken together, these results show that attention-getting and attention-holding in infancy vary continuously with quantitative variations in physical salience rather than depending in a categorical manner on whether an item is unique.

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Infant Social Attention Associated with Elevated Likelihood for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Multi-Method Comparison

Fu,

Platt,

Shic

et al. 2024

J Autism Dev Disord

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Purpose: The study aimed to compare eye tracking (ET) and manual coding (MC) measures of attention to social and nonsocial information in infants with elevated familial likelihood (EL) of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and low likelihood of ASD (LL). ET provides a temporally and spatially sensitive tool for measuring gaze allocation. Existing evidence suggests that ET is a promising tool for detecting distinct social attention patterns that may serve as a biomarker for ASD. However, ET is prone to data loss, especially in young EL infants. Methods: To increase evidence for ET as a viable tool for capturing atypical social attention in EL infants, the current prospective, longitudinal study obtained ET and MC measures of social and nonsocial attention in 25 EL and 47 LL infants at several time points between 3 and 24 months of age. Results: ET data was obtained with a satisfactory success rate of 95.83%, albeit with a higher degree of data loss compared to MC. Infant age and ASD likelihood status did not impact the extent of ET or MC data loss. There was a significant positive association between the ET and MC measures of attention, and separate analyses of attention using ET and AC measures yielded comparable findings. These analyses indicated group differences (EL vs. LL) in age-related change in attention to social vs. nonsocial information. Conclusion: Together, the findings support infant ET as a promising approach for identifying very early markers associated with ASD likelihood.

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Developmental changes in natural scene viewing in infancy.

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

A New Perspective on the Role of Physical Salience in Visual Search: Graded Effect of Salience on Infants’ Attention

A New Perspective on the Role of Physical Salience in Visual Search: Graded Effect of Salience on Infants’ Attention

A new perspective on the role of physical salience in visual search: Graded effect of salience on infants’ attention.

Infant Social Attention Associated with Elevated Likelihood for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Multi-Method Comparison

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