Developmental changes in salt acceptability in human infants

Beauchamp, Gary K.; Cowart, Beverly J.; Moran, Marianne

doi:10.1002/dev.420190103

Cited by 179 publications

(97 citation statements)

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“…Methods to determine relative acceptance of salty taste by infants were as previously described (Beauchamp et al, 1986). Briefly, acceptance was assessed using short-term intake tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each infant was given the opportunity to ingest water and two concentrations of NaCl (0.17 and 0.34 mol/l, dissolved in water). The 0.17 mol/l concentration was chosen because it approximates concentrations (0.10 and 0.20 mol/l) used in previous studies (Beauchamp et al, 1986) to demonstrate a developmental change in response to salty taste occurring at approximately 4 months of age, with younger infants indifferent to and older infants preferring the salt solution to water. Because intake comparisons cannot distinguish insensitivity (inability to detect a stimulus) from indifference (detecting but not responding differentially) when similar amounts of each stimulus are ingested, the 0.34 mol/l concentration, which tastes quite salty to most adults, was included to address the possibility of elevated thresholds in 2-month infants due to immature sensitivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because intake comparisons cannot distinguish insensitivity (inability to detect a stimulus) from indifference (detecting but not responding differentially) when similar amounts of each stimulus are ingested, the 0.34 mol/l concentration, which tastes quite salty to most adults, was included to address the possibility of elevated thresholds in 2-month infants due to immature sensitivity. That is, because current evidence suggests that mechanisms responsible for human salty taste transduction mature postnatally over the first few months of life (Beauchamp et al, 1986(Beauchamp et al, , 1994, it is possible that a higher stimulus concentration might be required to elicit a hedonic response from younger infants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salty taste acceptance by infants and young children is related to birth weight: longitudinal analysis of infants within the normal birth weight range

2005

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Background: Birth weight and sodium intake are both associated with risk for hypertension. It is not known whether birth weight influences response to salty taste. Objective: To assess the relationship between birth weight and salty taste acceptance of infants and young children. Design: Acceptance of salty taste was assessed at 2 (n ¼ 80) and 6 (n ¼ 76) months in infants (birth weight 42.5 kg) enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Acceptance was expressed as proportional intake following 1-min ingestion tests with water and salt solutions (0.17 and 0.34 mol/l NaCl, in water). Birth weight was obtained by maternal report. Questionnaires completed by mothers and food-ranking procedures performed by children evaluated salt liking and preference in a subset (n ¼ 38) of subjects at preschool age (36 or 48 months). Setting: Nonprofit basic research institute in Philadelphia, PA, USA. Results: Regression analysis revealed significant negative associations between birth weight and acceptance of salty taste at 2 months (0.17 mol/l, Po0.0001; 0.34 mol/l, Po0.01) but not at 6 months. Relationships were not affected by adjustment for potential confounders. In preschoolers, greater liking of (Po0.05) and preference for (Po0.01) salty foods was associated with lower birth weight in simple, but not adjusted, models. Conclusion: Measures related to salty taste preference were inversely related to birth weight over the first 4 years of life. Additional studies should substantiate these findings and explore whether early response to salty taste predicts future sodium intake, blood pressure, or other public health-related outcomes.

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“…Methods to determine relative acceptance of salty taste by infants were as previously described (Beauchamp et al, 1986). Briefly, acceptance was assessed using short-term intake tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Salty taste acceptance by infants and young children is related to birth weight: longitudinal analysis of infants within the normal birth weight range

2005

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“…Portanto, a intervenção no início da vida é importante para que maus hábitos alimentares não sejam adquiridos 19,20 . Estudo que analisou o comportamento materno e as práticas alimentares infantis com relação à ingestão de sódio constatou que 40% das mães, pelo menos alguma vez, salgaram seus alimentos sem antes experimentá-los, e que 19% das mães sempre faziam isso 20 .…”

Section: Nutrientesunclassified

Excess sodium and insufficient iron content in complementary foods

Portella¹,

Morais²,

Morais³

2010

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objectives: To determine, by chemical analysis, the macronutrient, energy, sodium, and iron contents of homemade foods prepared for infants in two socioeconomic classes in Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. Methods:Cross-sectional study of 78 infants (aged 6 to 18 months) distributed into two groups according to socioeconomic status (high or low). Chemical analyses were performed on samples of homemade complementary foods prepared for each infant's lunch. Daily food intake was estimated on the basis of two 24-hour dietary intake recall. Results:Chemical analyses showed that the energy content of some food samples was lower than recommended, both in the low socioeconomic status (SES) group (29.8% of samples) and in the high-SES group (43.0%; p = 0.199). The iron content of all samples, regardless of group, was lower than minimum recommended levels (6.0 mg/100 g). On the other hand, excessive sodium levels (200 mg/100 g) were found in 89.2 and 31.7% of samples in the low-and high-SES groups, respectively (p = 0.027). Dietary recalls showed that energy intake exceeded 120% of the Estimated Energy Requirement in 86.5% of infants in the low-SES group and 92.7% of those in the high-SES group (p = 0.483). Lunch and dinner provided 35.2±14.6 and 36.4±12.0% of daily energy intake in the low-and high-SES groups, respectively (p = 0.692). Conclusion:Homemade complementary foods for infants were found to be low in iron. A significant portion of samples had excessive sodium content, most frequently those prepared for infants in low-SES families.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010;86(4):303-310: Infant food, food composition, food analysis, nutritional status. ResumoObjetivos: Determinar, por análise química, a composição nutricional de macronutrientes, energia, sódio e ferro de alimentos preparados no domicílio para lactentes de dois estratos socioeconômicos em Belém (PA).Métodos: Estudo transversal com 78 lactentes (6 a 18 meses) distribuídos em dois grupos com condição socioeconômica alta ou baixa. Foi realizada análise química de amostras de alimentos de transição preparados no domicílio para o almoço. Foi estimada a ingestão alimentar diária, com base em dois inquéritos alimentares de 24 horas. Resultados:As análises químicas revelaram que parcela das amostras dos alimentos apresentava baixo teor de energia em relação ao recomendado, tanto no estrato socioeconômico baixo (29,8%) como no alto (43,0%; p = 0,199). Todas as amostras analisadas, em ambos os grupos, apresentaram quantidade de ferro abaixo do míni-mo recomendado (6,0 mg/100 g). Por outro lado, excesso de sódio (200 mg/100 g) foi constatado em 89,2 e 31,7%, respectivamente, das amostras dos grupos de baixo e alto nível socioeconômico (p = 0,027). De acordo com os inquéritos alimentares, a estimativa da ingestão energética foi maior que 120% da necessidade média estimada em 86,5% dos lactentes do grupo de nível socioeconômico baixo e em 92,7% do alto (p = 0,483). O almoço e o jantar forneceram 35,2±14,6 e 36,4±12,0% da energia, respectivamente, nos grupos de baixo e alto ...

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“…У новорожденного в первые часы жизни можно наблюдать реакцию на сладкое в виде усиления сосательных движений и адекватного рассла-бления [7]. В отличие от сладкого на соленый вкус ребе-нок начинает более отчетливо реагировать несколько позже -с 4-месячного возраста [7][8][9][10]. Причины этого не вполне ясны: предполагается связь степени выражен-ности ответа с пренатальными факторами.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified