Developmental changes in Sitka spruce as indices of physiological age I. Changes in needle morphology

Steele, M. J.; Coutts, M. P.; Yeoman, M. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1989.tb02415.x

Cited by 77 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results correspond with the findings of other studies in conifers (e.g. Steele et al, 1989;Lilles et al, 2014). Greater needle size in higher plants is often explained with a transition from shade to sun leaves (Steele et al, 1989) or preparation for reproduction (Thomas, 2011).…”

Section: Needle Morphologysupporting

confidence: 82%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of herbivory pressure on the growth rate and needle morphology of Taxus baccata L. juveniles

Kýpeťová¹,

Walas²,

Jaloviar³

et al. 2017

Dendrobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Damage by herbivore grazing negatively influences the development of subsequent forest generations. Little is known about the long-term impacts of grazing and interactions between grazing and light conditions on sapling growth after the cessation of herbivory impact. In this study, Taxus baccata saplings were grown over a period of four years in artificial shading at 2, 8, 30 and 100% of full sunlight (described as initial light). These saplings were planted in fenced and unfenced plots in a mixed forest in Poland. After six years with no protection from grazing, deer pressure was eliminated by fencing. In this study, we analysed sapling growth and needle morphology five years after deer suppression. Overall, grazing had a negative significant impact on the growth rate and needle morphology of T. baccata saplings. Saplings damaged by herbivores had a height increment approximately one-third that of non-grazed saplings. The grazed yew saplings had a lower needle area and length and a higher specific leaf area (SLA) than non-grazed saplings. Initial and current light conditions did not influence tree growth rates and needle morphology. However, we found positive correlations between sapling height and both leaf area and leaf length and a negative correlation between sapling height and SLA. Browsed yews also had a greater tendency to form polycormic (multi-stemmed) individuals. Lower growth rates, smaller needles and polycormic stems indicate a strategy of "escaping" herbivory pressure even five years after elimination of deer pressure.

show abstract

Section: Needle Morphologysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Steele et al, 1989;Lilles et al, 2014). Greater needle size in higher plants is often explained with a transition from shade to sun leaves (Steele et al, 1989) or preparation for reproduction (Thomas, 2011). Indeed, we could not observe sexual determinants of saplings in yew individuals in the analysed plots.…”

Section: Needle Morphologymentioning

confidence: 65%

Influence of herbivory pressure on the growth rate and needle morphology of Taxus baccata L. juveniles

Kýpeťová¹,

Walas²,

Jaloviar³

et al. 2017

Dendrobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A decline in branch numbers with age in grafted material has been found for Douglas fir [38], Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch [16] and loblolly pine [14]. Age effects on Sitka spruce needle morphology have been reported [45], and a similar response might be expected for branching characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The RGP of the cuttings and transplants was similar in 1996 and 1997 ( [43,47], respectively), but was greater in the transplants in 1997 [45,102]. The transplants had a larger fibrous root system than the cuttings in 1997 (figure 2), perhaps contributing to their higher RGP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The morphological characteristics, root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings compared with transplants of Sitka spruce

O'Reilly

Harper

1999

Ann. For. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The morphological and some physiological attributes of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) rooted cuttings derived from juvenile selections in the nursery were compared with those of conventional unimproved transplants grown in Ireland in 1996 and 1997. A field trial was established in the second year to assess flushing and growth responses of the stock. Although some were highly significant, absolute differences between stock types in most morphological characteristics were small. Cuttings had much fewer branches/cm shoot, and root dry weights were smaller than in transplants, but the shoot/root ratio differed little between stock types. The root growth potential (RGP)

show abstract

“…Since plant age may crucially alter the relationships between foliage anatomy, morphology and environment (Steele et al, 1989 ;Lee & Richards, 1991 ;Niinemets, 1997a), preference was given to field investigations in which mature plants had been used. However, several important foliar anatomical characteristics, for example, the fraction of intercellular air spaces in the leaves, have rarely been measured for the leaves in the field.…”

Section: Database Compilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research review. Components of leaf dry mass per area – thickness and density – alter leaf photosynthetic capacity in reverse directions in woody plants

Niinemets¹

1999

New Phytologist

676

505

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationships of foliage assimilation capacity per unit area (P P max ) with leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) and nitrogen content per unit area (N P ) differ between species and within species grown in different habitats. To gain a more mechanistic insight into the dependencies of P P max on LMA and N P , this literature study based on 597 species from a wide range of earth biomes with woody vegetation examines the relations between leaf photosynthetic capacity and the components of LMA (leaf density (D, dry mass per volume) and thickness (T )), and also the correlations of D and T with leaf nitrogen content and fractional leaf volumes in different tissues. Across all species, P P max varied 12-fold and photosynthetic capacity per unit dry mass (P m max ) 16-fold, N P 12-fold, and nitrogen per unit dry mass (N m ) 13-fold, LMA 46-fold, D 13-fold, and T 35-fold, indicating that foliar morphology was more plastic than foliar chemistry and assimilation rates. Although there were strong positive correlations between P P max and N P , and between P m max and N m , leaf structure was a more important determinant of leaf assimilation capacities. P P max increased with increasing LMA and T, but was independent of D. By contrast, P m max scaled negatively with LMA because of a negative correlation between P m max and D, and was poorly related to T. Analysis of leaf nitrogen and tissue composition data indicated that the negative relationship between D and P m max resulted from negative correlations between D and N m , D and volumetric fraction of leaf internal air space, and D and symplasmic leaf fraction. Thus, increases in leaf density bring about (1) decreases in assimilative leaf compounds, and (2) extensive modifications in leaf anatomy that may result in increases in intercellular transfer resistance to CO # . Collectively, (1) and (2) lead to decreased P m max , and also modify P P max versus LMA relationships.

show abstract

Developmental changes in Sitka spruce as indices of physiological age I. Changes in needle morphology

Cited by 77 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of herbivory pressure on the growth rate and needle morphology of Taxus baccata L. juveniles

Influence of herbivory pressure on the growth rate and needle morphology of Taxus baccata L. juveniles

The morphological characteristics, root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings compared with transplants of Sitka spruce

Research review. Components of leaf dry mass per area – thickness and density – alter leaf photosynthetic capacity in reverse directions in woody plants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About