Developmental changes of adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, and uricase in mouse tissues

Lee, P.C.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(73)90259-5

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Tissues with relatively elevated levels of ADA include lymphoid tissue, stomach, intestine, placenta, and certain regions of the brain [lo, 25,31,34,441. However, the level of enzyme activity varies greatly among different tissues or within the same tissues from different species [lo, 471.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental expression of adenosine deaminase in the upper alimentary tract of mice

et al. 1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental expression of adenosine deaminase in the upper alimentary tract of mice

et al. 1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…ADA levels are also developmentally regulated in gastrointestinal tissues. The level of enzyme activity in the stomach and intestine of mice is very low at birth, increases dramatically within the first 2 weeks of life, and achieves relatively high levels in the adult animal (30). Within the brain certain hypothalamic neurons have elevated levels of ADA activity (40).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These neurons are also enriched in adenosine uptake sites and may play a role in adenosinergic neurotransmission pathways. In most other tissues ADA levels are quite low, with the lowest levels occurring in liver, lung, and fetal placental tissues (7,30,49). An elevated level of the enzyme in erythrocytes is a dominantly inherited condition which is associated with a form of hemolytic anemia in humans (39,47).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning of the murine adenosine deaminase gene from a genetically enriched source: identification and characterization of the promoter region.

Ingolia¹,

Al‐Ubaidi²,

Yeung³

et al. 1986

Mol. Cell. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A genomic library was prepared with DNA from a genetically enriched mouse cell line in which amplified copies of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene account for over 5% of the genome. Overlapping cosmid clones encompassing the entire ADA structural gene were isolated from this genomic library and used for subsequent structural and functional analyses. Nuclease protection and primer extension analyses served to identify the location of multiple transcription initiation sites at the 5' end of the structural gene. Promoter activity was found by functional analyses to reside within a 240-base-pair fragment which contains the transcription initiation sites. Sequences upstream of the transcription initiation sites are very G + C rich (77%) and include a 22 nucleotide stretch of deoxyguanylate residues and two potential Sp1 transcription factor-binding sites. Comparison of the mouse and human ADA gene promoters revealed the presence of several regions that are highly conserved with regard to both sequence content and location and may represent genetic elements which are involved in ADA gene expression.

show abstract

“…In humans and mice, the expression of ADA declines as a function of lymphocyte maturation, and ADA specific activities of peripheral blood lymphocytes, spleen, and lymph node are considerably less than that of thymus (Adams and Harkness 1976;Van der Weyden and Kelley 1976;Hirschhorn et al 1978;Chechik et al 1981;Kizaki et al 1983). Newbom mice exhibit a low level of ADA activity in the gastrointestinal tract, but at 1-2 weeks of age, a 100-to 1000-fold increase in ADA activity occurs (Lee 1973). In humans, low levels of the enzyme (1-5% that of the thymus) are found in most other tissues, such as liver, lung, heart, kidney, and most regions of the brain (Adams and Harkness 1976;Van der Weyden and Kelley 1976;Hirschhom et al 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a complex regulatory array in the first intron of the human adenosine deaminase gene.

Aronow¹,

Lattier²,

Silbiger³

et al. 1989

Genes Dev.

116

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is expressed ubiquitously by diverse mammalian cells and tissues but at levels that vary according to tissue and species. In humans, the thymus exhibits levels of the enzyme up to 100-fold higher than most other tissues. Using transgenic mice, we identified human ADA gene regulatory domains. Up to 3.7 kb of 5'-flanking and first exon DNA from the human ADA gene failed to promote the expression of a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene in an efficient, reproducible, or tissue-appropriate manner in transgenic mice. However, when 12.8 kb of DNA from the first intron of the human ADA gene was placed 3' of CAT-coding and -processing sequences, transgenic mice reproducibly expressed CAT activity in most tissues, with profoundly high levels in the thymus. DNase I hypersensitivity studies demonstrated that among transgenic mouse tissues, human thymus, and a variety of human cell lines, a region of the intron 4-10 kb downstream of the first exon exhibited an array of hypersensitive sites that varied according to tissue and cell type. Deletion of this region from the gene construction eliminated high-level expression in transgenic mice. In transfection-transient expression assays, the 12.8-kb intron fragment exhibited enhancer activity in several cell types. A 1.3-kb fragment encompassing two of the hypersensitive sites exhibited some of these activities. The results of these studies suggest that the diverse pattern of human ADA gene expression is determined, in part, by a cluster of cis-regulatory elements contained within its large first intron.

show abstract

Developmental changes of adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, and uricase in mouse tissues

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Developmental expression of adenosine deaminase in the upper alimentary tract of mice

Developmental expression of adenosine deaminase in the upper alimentary tract of mice

Molecular cloning of the murine adenosine deaminase gene from a genetically enriched source: identification and characterization of the promoter region.

Evidence for a complex regulatory array in the first intron of the human adenosine deaminase gene.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About