Developmental Changes of Gut Microflora and Enzyme Activity in Rat Pups Exposed to Fat‐rich Diet

Mózeš, Š; Bujňáková, Dobroslava; Šefčíková, Zuzana; Kmet, V.

doi:10.1038/oby.2008.435

Cited by 63 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Besides, no relationship was found between plasma lipids and higher BW gain in lean rats. Previous studies have reported that the high ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteriodetes may assist the obese host harvest more energy from the diet (24)(25)(26) . However, this opinion has not been confirmed by recent studies; in fact, the opposite results have been reported (10,27) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean rats gained more body weight than obese ones from a high-fibre diet

Zhang

et al. 2015

Br J Nutr

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There is controversy over previous findings that a high ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteriodetes helps obese animals harvest energy from the diet. To further investigate the relationship between microbial composition and energy harvest, microbial adaptation to diet and time should be considered. In this study, lean and obese rats were successfully induced with low-fat and high-fat diets. An 8-week high soyabean fibre (HSF)-containing diet was then fed to investigate the interaction between the diet and the rats' gut microbiota, as well as their influence on rats' growth. Rats' body weight (BW) was recorded weekly; their plasma lipids and their gut microbiota at week 11, 15 and 19 were analysed. After the consumption of the HSF diet, BW of lean rats increased significantly (P < 0·05), but no significant alteration in BW was found in obese rats. The average content of plasma cholesterol was lowered and that of TAG was upgraded in both the groups when fed the HSF diet. There was no significant difference observed at each period between lean and obese rats. In the group of lean rats, the diversity of gut microbiota was elevated strongly (P < 0·01), and bacteria from phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were both increased largely (P < 0·01); however, the bacterial diversity and composition in obese rats were less altered after the HSF diet control. In conclusion, the increased Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes might relate to lean rats' higher BW gain; 'obese microbiota' could not help the hosts harvest more energy from the HSF diet.Key words: Obesity: Soyabean fibre: Energy harvest: Gut microbiota: Bacteroidetes: Firmicutes People's weight and body composition are likely determined by interactions between their genetic makeup and social, cultural, behavioural and environmental factors. There is equilibrium between the amount of energy obtained from food and the amount expended through resting metabolism, thermic effect of food, physical activity and loss via faeces and urine. People's increased intake of energy-dense foods surely contribute to the high prevalence of obesity; however, as the internal regulating system of energy balance is far more complex than that we have imagined, the interaction between diet and obesity should be considered in a larger context (1,2) . Recent evidence suggests that gut microbiota can affect nutrient acquisition and energy regulation; moreover, scientists have also discovered that obese and lean people have different gut microbiota (3) . Changes in gut microbial ecology can cause alteration in the host's efficiency of energy harvest from the diet, leading to significant changes in body weight (BW) and energy balance (4) . Gut microbiota may play an important role in regulating weight, as it has been recently reported that gut bacterial composition is partly responsible for the development of obesity in some people (3) . Turnbaugh et al.(5) believed that the alteration in gut microbial composition is possibly associated with the onset of obesity, and they also indicated that a high ra...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean rats gained more body weight than obese ones from a high-fibre diet

Zhang

et al. 2015

Br J Nutr

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“…Obesity as a multifactorial disease results from interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have demonstrated that obesity in rats is also closely related to disturbance of two dominant divisions of gut bacteria, especially increase in the Firmicutes and reduction of the Bacteroidetes (11,20). Supplementation with apple-derived pectin in Table I.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, regarding the role of intestinal enzymes, AP is considered as a brush border-bound representative enzyme that has a broad range of roles, involving regulation of lipid absorption (16). Its activity increased markedly after fat feeding (13,17,20) and decreased after fasting, while refeeding elevated it to the pre-fasting level (26). AP in rodents is present at its highest level in the duodenum, and its activity decreases gradually toward the jejunum and ileum (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proved that alkaline phosphatase (AP) is involved in the intestinal absorption of lipids (16). In rats, AP activity increases after fat consumption (3,20,27); it displays circadian fluctuations closely related to food intake (19), and is evidently depressed after food deprivation (26). The impact of pectin supplementation on intestinal enzyme activity is inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of pectin feeding on obesity development and duodenal alkaline phosphatase activity in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat/high-energy diet

Šefčíková

Racek

2016

Acta Physiol Hung

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Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether pectin feeding would affect the small intestinal function and whether these changes would lead to obesity prevention in rats fed with high-fat diet. Three groups of weaned male rats (ad lib. fed; rats fed with diet containing 15% w/w of citrus pectin; restrictedly pair-fed rats) were fed with either a standard diet (9.5% fat) or a high-fat diet (30% fat) for 10 days. Results: Our results revealed that pectin feeding led to significant decreases in body weight, energy intake and fat pad weight in rats fed with the standard as well as high-fat diet. Moreover, compared to the restrictedly pair-fed rats, in both groups of rats fed with the diet containing pectin, significant decrease in duodenal alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity was observed in histochemically stained cryostat sections. In contrast, despite their lower energy intake, restrictedly pair-fed rats showed similar fat pad deposition accompanied by unchanged values of AP activity in comparison to the controls. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that daily pectin consumption could be beneficial in suppressing body weight gain and reducing probability of obesity risk in rats fed with a high-fat diet.

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“…It is well accepted that the intestinal microbiota involves in metabolome of the host, thus promotes actively fat accumulation and weight gain and sustains indirectly a lowgrade systemic inflammation especially when imbalanced, and consequently, enhances the risk for complex, multifactorial diseases such as insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The search of global obesity epidemic led to the growing evidences about the possible roles of intestinal microbiota in these respects [180,181,182]. Claus et al [170] has noted that the colonization of the gut microbiota was associated with a rapid increase in body weights of animals up to 4% within 5 days of colonization.…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%