Developmental Delay in Moderately Preterm-Born Children at School Entry

Kerstjens, Jorien M.; Winter, Andrea F. de; Bocca-Tjeertes, Inger F.; Vergert, Elisabeth M.J. ten; Reijneveld, Sijmen A.; Bos, Arend F.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.12.041

Cited by 156 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Apart from the risk of neonatal morbidities, moderately preterm-born children are also more likely to have developmental delays at preschool age. [7][8][9] Particularly in moderately preterm-born children, it remains unclear whether these neonatal morbidities are associated with the increased risk of developmental delay. 9 In the general population, male gender, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) status at birth, decreasing gestational age, and low maternal education increase the risk of developmental delay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9] Particularly in moderately preterm-born children, it remains unclear whether these neonatal morbidities are associated with the increased risk of developmental delay. 9 In the general population, male gender, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) status at birth, decreasing gestational age, and low maternal education increase the risk of developmental delay. It might, therefore, be important to correct for these biological and environmental variables when studying the association between neonatal morbidities and developmental delays in moderately preterm-born children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Regarding biological and environmental risk factors, both gender and SGA were associated strongly with developmental delay, whereas maternal educational level and a lower gestational age (within the age range for moderately pretermborn children) were not. Repeating our analyses with gestational age as a continuous variable did not change our results with respect to the effect of gestational age.…”

Section: Univariate Analysesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…9,15,16 In a community-based cohort of 45 455 children born in 2002 and 2003, all children with a gestational age between 32 0/7 and 35 6/7 weeks' gestation were sampled. We based the size of our cohort on the estimates for the numbers needed to compile growth curves for Dutch preterm-born children, because for that part of the Lollipop study we needed the largest number of children.…”

Section: Population and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed description of how the Lollipop study was conducted has been described previously. 9,15,16 …”

Section: Population and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neonatal Morbidities and Developmental Delay in Moderately Preterm-Born Children

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Children born moderately preterm (32–356/7 weeks’ gestation) are at increased risk of both neonatal morbidities and developmental delays in early childhood. It is unknown whether neonatal morbidities contribute to the increased risk of developmental delay. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of neonatal morbidities after moderately preterm birth on development at preschool age. METHODS: In a community-based, stratified cohort, parents of 832 moderately preterm children born in 2002 or 2003 completed the Ages and Stage Questionnaire when their child was 43 to 49 months old. Data on Apgar scores, asphyxia, tertiary NICU admission, hospital transfer, circulatory insufficiency, hypoglycemia, septicemia, mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, apneas, caffeine treatment, and hyperbilirubinemia were obtained from medical records. We assessed associations of neonatal characteristics with developmental delay, adjusted for gender, small-for-gestational-age status, gestational age, and maternal education. RESULTS: Hypoglycemia and asphyxia were associated with developmental delay; odds ratios (ORs) were 2.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–4.77) and 3.18 (95% CI: 1.01–10.0), respectively. Tertiary NICU admission and hyperbilirubinemia had positive but statistically borderline nonsignificant associations with developmental delay: ORs were 1.74 (95% CI: 0.96–3.15) and 1.52 (95% CI: 0.94–2.46), respectively. No other neonatal morbidities were associated with developmental delay. In multivariate analyses, only hypoglycemia was associated with developmental delay (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.08–4.46). CONCLUSIONS: In moderately preterm-born children, only hypoglycemia increased the risk of developmental delay at preschool age. A concerted effort to prevent hypoglycemia might enhance developmental outcome in this group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Univariate Analysesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Population and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed description of how the Lollipop study was conducted has been described previously. 9,15,16 …”

Section: Population and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neonatal Morbidities and Developmental Delay in Moderately Preterm-Born Children

et al. 2012

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Association of Gestational Age at Birth With Subsequent Suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder in Early Childhood in China

et al. 2021

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Fetal and Infant Spontaneous General Movements as Predictors of Developmental Disabilities

Zuk

2011

Dev Disabil Res Revs

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The challenge of identifying infants who are at risk for developmental delay and possible adverse neurodevelopmental outcome demands methods of evaluation that will lead to early intervention to minimize developmental disability and to maximize the infant's potential. A qualitative assessment of spontaneous general movements (GMs) in the preterm, term, and young infant at risk is a valid and reliable tool for evaluation (Prechtl [1990] Early Hum. Dev. 23:151-158). The aim of this review is to describe the theoretical and clinical bases for the assessment of GMs and its relationship to developmental delay and brain dysfunction. Thirty-seven studies related to the predictive validity of GMs were included in this review. Results suggested that consistent cramped synchronized GMs are highly predictive of later development of cerebral palsy. The fidgety movement quality that appears at the age of 2 to 3 months was found to be a most sensitive predictor of neurodevelopmental outcome in different populations of infants.

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Developmental Delay in Moderately Preterm-Born Children at School Entry

Cited by 156 publications

References 27 publications

Neonatal Morbidities and Developmental Delay in Moderately Preterm-Born Children

Neonatal Morbidities and Developmental Delay in Moderately Preterm-Born Children

Association of Gestational Age at Birth With Subsequent Suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder in Early Childhood in China

Fetal and Infant Spontaneous General Movements as Predictors of Developmental Disabilities

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