Developmental determinants of sensitivity and resistance to stress

Levine, Seymour

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.03.013

Cited by 499 publications

(365 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is well established that the effects of stress on the central nervous system vary as a function of the age at which stress is imposed (reviewed in McEwen, 1 Sanchez et al, 2 Welberg and Seckl, 3 Avishai-Eilner et al, 4 Levine, 5 Miller and O'Callaghan 6 and Fenoglio et al 7 ). For example, prenatal stress has been shown to 're-program' or 'imprint' both neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to subsequent stress throughout the lifetime (see Avishai-Eilner et al, 4 Fenoglio et al, 7 Wadhwa et al, 8 Welberg et al 9 and Weinstock 10 for recent reviews).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, early in postnatal life, hormonal responses to some stressors may be lower than during adulthood. 5,11,12 In addition, the 'adolescent' period has been characterized by enhanced sensitivity to the effects of stress, with potential relevance to the pathophysiology of addictive behaviors and/or schizophrenia. 13,14 Finally, during aging, stress-evoked glucocorticoids may provoke more profound loss or dysfunction of neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hippocampal activation by acute stress are age-dependent

et al. 2006

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The effects of stress, including their putative contribution to pathological psychiatric conditions, are crucially governed by the age at which the stress takes place. However, the cellular and molecular foundations for the impact of stress on neuronal function, and their change with age, are unknown. For example, it is not known whether 'psychological' stress signals are perceived by similar neuronal populations at different ages, and whether they activate similar or age-specific signaling pathways that might then mediate the spectrum of stress-evoked neuronal changes. We employed restraint and restraint/noise stress to address these issues in juvenile (postnatal day 18, [P18]) and adult rats, and used phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB (pCREB) and induction of c-fos as markers of hippocampal neuronal responses. Stress-activated neuronal populations were identified both anatomically and biochemically, and selective blockers of the stress-activated hippocampal peptide, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) were used to probe the role of this molecule in stressinduced hippocampal cell activation. Stress evoked strikingly different neuronal response patterns in immature vs adult hippocampus. Expression of pCREB appeared within minutes in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells of P18 rats, followed by delayed induction of Fos protein in the same cell population. In contrast, basal pCREB levels were high in adult hippocampus and were not altered at 10-120 min by stress. Whereas Fos induction was elicited by stress in the adult, it was essentially confined to area CA1, with little induction in CA3. At both age groups, central pretreatment with either a nonselective blocker of CRH receptors or the CRF 1 -selective antagonist, NBI 30775, abolished stress-evoked neuronal activation. In conclusion, hippocampal neuronal responses to psychological stress are generally more rapid and robust in juvenile rats, compared to fully mature adults, and at both ages, CRH plays a key role in this process. Enhanced hippocampal response to stress during development, and particularly the activation of the transcription factor CREB, may contribute to the enduring effects of stress during this period on hippocampal function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hippocampal activation by acute stress are age-dependent

et al. 2006

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“…In experiments carried out in rats, it was shown that rats reared in a rich environment with many exploratory objects developed a significantly thicker cerebral cortex than rats reared in a poor environment (Diamond, 2001; see also Levine, 2005). The increased thickness was due to a larger number of brain cells and more extensive branching of their dendrites and interconnections to other cells, which is associated with a better brain plasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Rodents, non-human primates and humans provided with a rich sensory environment at a very early age -for example, by maternal tactile stimulation (TS) -have changes in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stress regulating system (Levine, 2005;Champagne, 2008) and the autonomic nervous system (Field, 2010). These changes are related to an increase in the glucocorticoid receptor sites and the gene expression for this receptor, which would lead to a higher sensitivity of the circulating glucocorticoids -increasing the negative feedback on the HPA axis -to a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure and to an increase in vagal activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting positive states: the effect of early human handling on play and exploratory behaviour in pigs

Zupan

Rehn

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Animal

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It is known that tactile stimulation (TS) during ontogeny modifies brain plasticity and enhances the motor and cognitive skills. Our hypothesis was that early handling including TS would increase play and exploratory behaviour in commercial pigs under standardized test conditions. Piglets from 13 litters were subjected to three handling treatments from 5 to 35 days of age: all the piglets were handled (H), none of the piglets were handled (NH) or half of the piglets in the litter were handled (50/50). At 42 days of age, the pigs' behaviour was observed in pairs in a novel pen with a 'toy' (tug rope). The main results were that more locomotor play was performed by pigs from litters where all or half of them had been handled, whereas social exploratory behaviour was more pronounced in pigs from litters where half of them had been handled. Although behaviour was affected by the interaction of treatment with sex or with weight category, we propose that the handling procedure does seem to have acted to increase locomotor skills and that handling half of the piglets in the litter may have triggered a series of socio-emotional interactions that were beneficial for the whole group.

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“…Stress can activate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and stimulate the secretion of glucocorticoids (GCs) from the adrenal cortex [4,5] . Repeated activation of the HPA axis during chronic stress induces production of high levels of *These authors contributed equally to this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive effect of estrogen on depression-like behavior induced by chronic restraint stress

2010

Neurosci. Bull.

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Objective To investigate the roles of estrogen and kalirin-7 in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced depression and the pathophysiological mechanism of depression. Methods Healthy female mice from Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, CRS group, and estrogen + CRS group. CRS was used to establish the animal model of depression. Forced swimming test and immunohistochemistry method were utilized to investigate the animal behavior and kalirin-7 expression in the hippocampus, respectively. Results Compared with the control group, the CRS mice displayed depression-like behaviors, including a significant reduction in body weight, a significant increase in immobility time in forced swimming test, and a dramatic decrease in kalirin-7 expression in the hippocampus. However, administration of estrogen attenuated the CRS-induced negative behaviors, and simultaneously increased kalirin-7 expression. Conclusion Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) could prevent CRS-induced depression-like behaviors in female ICR mice. Besides, kalirin-7 also plays a role in preventing CRS-induced depression-like behaviors.

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Developmental determinants of sensitivity and resistance to stress

Cited by 499 publications

References 25 publications

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hippocampal activation by acute stress are age-dependent

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hippocampal activation by acute stress are age-dependent

Promoting positive states: the effect of early human handling on play and exploratory behaviour in pigs

Preventive effect of estrogen on depression-like behavior induced by chronic restraint stress

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