Developmental Genetics of the Posterior Legs in Drosophila Melanogaster

Hannah-Alava, Aloha

doi:10.1093/genetics/43.5.878

Cited by 49 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Table 1: compare the expression of Msc in Msc/TM3 males at 29 °C, with that of their 22 °C counterparts). A similar effect has been observed for Pc under crowded culture conditions (Hannah-Alava, 1958). In addition, some of the Pc traits are less extreme in males than females (Lindsley & Grell, 1968) and development proceeds more slowly in males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Effects of a temperature-sensitiveMinutemutation on gene expression inDrosophila melanogaster

Sinclair

Grigliatti

1984

Genet. Res.

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SUMMARYMinute(M) lesions exhibit a striking propensity for interacting with many different mutations. In the past, few attempts have been made to explain these diverse phenomena. This study describes a variety of temperature-sensitive (ts) interactions exhibited by the ts third chromosomeMinutemutationM(3)LS4Q-III(Q-III). Most of these interactions (i.e. those involvingvg, cp, Dl, DfdorLy) reflectQ-III-induced enhancement of the respective mutant phenotypes at the restrictive temperature. However,Q-IIIalso suppresses the extra-sex-comb phenotypes ofPcandMscat 29 °C and evokes lethal and bristle traits when combined withJ34eat the restrictive temperature. All of these interactions are characteristic of non-tsMinutelesions and thus they appear to be correlated with general physiological perturbations associated with theMsyndrome. In addition, our findings show that mutations that affect ribosome production and/or function, namelysu(f)ts67gandbbts−1, exhibit interactions comparable to those elicited byQ-III. Hence, in accordance with previous findings, we argue that most of theQ-IIIinteractions can be attributed to reduced translational capacity at the restrictive temperature. Finally, reciprocal temperature shift studies were used to delineate TSPs for interactions betweenQ-IIIandvg(mid to late second instar),cp(about mid-third instar),Dfd(early third instar) andDl(late second to mid third instar). We believe that these TSPs represent developmental intervals during which the respective gene products are utilized.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Effects of a temperature-sensitiveMinutemutation on gene expression inDrosophila melanogaster

Sinclair

Grigliatti

1984

Genet. Res.

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“…This tissue specific induction of Hox genes by hHIPKs is similar to what others have observed with Polycomb Group complex (PcG) mutants [43,44]. Mutations in Polycomb (Pc), a PcG component, have been shown to cause similar wing, leg, and antenna phenotypes as we observed with hHIPK1 expression [45][46][47][48]. Pc mutants are also known to mis-express Abdominal B (AbdB) in multiple tissues and developmental stages, including larval wing imaginal discs, adult ovaries, and embryos [49][50][51].…”

Section: Uas-dhipk and Uas-hhipk1-3 Expression Phenocopies Loss Of Polycomb Componentssupporting

confidence: 89%

Functional characterization of human Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) inDrosophila melanogasterreveal both conserved functions and differential induction of HOX gene expression

Verheyen

2020

Preprint

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Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (Hipks) are a family of conserved proteins that are necessary for development in both invertebrate and vertebrate organisms. Vertebrates have four paralogues, Hipks 1-4. Mice lacking Hipk1 or Hipk2 are viable, however loss of both is lethal during early embryonic development, with embryos exhibiting homeotic skeletal transformations and incorrect HOX gene expression. While these results suggest Hipks have a role in regulating HOX genes, a regulatory mechanism has not been characterized, and further comparisons of the roles of Hipks in development has not progressed. One challenge with characterizing developmental regulators in vertebrates is the extensive redundancy of genes. For this reason, we used Drosophila melanogaster , which has reduced genetic redundancy, to study the functions of the four human HIPKs (hHIPKs). In D. melanogaster , zygotic loss of the single ortholog dhipk results in lethality with distinct eye and head defects. We used a dhipk mutant background to compare the ability of each hHIPK protein to rescue the phenotypes caused by the loss of dHipk. In these humanized flies, both hHIPK1 and hHIPK2 rescued lethality, while hHIPK3 and hHIPK4 only rescued minor dhipk mutant patterning phenotypes. This evidence for conserved functions of hHIPKs in D. melanogaster directed our efforts to identify and compare the developmental potential of hHIPKs by expressing them in well-defined tissue domains and monitoring changes in phenotypes. We observed unique patterns of homeotic transformations in flies expressing hHIPK1, hHIPK2, or hHIPK3 caused by ectopic induction of Hox proteins. These results were indicative of inhibited Polycomb-group complex (PcG) components, suggesting that hHIPKs play a role in regulating its activity. Furthermore, knockdown of PcG components phenocopied hHIPK and dHipk expression phenotypes. Together, this data shows that hHIPKs function in D. melanogaster, where they appear to have variable ability to inhibit PcG, which may reflect their roles in development.

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“…In Drosophila , the adult legs and ventral body wall develop from larval tissues called leg imaginal discs. While the three pairs of legs—each present in the thoracic (T) segments T1, T2 and T3—have similar overall structures, they also have characteristic morphological differences unique to each leg pair 9 , 10 (Fig. 1a ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor paralogs orchestrate alternative gene regulatory networks by context-dependent cooperation with multiple cofactors

et al. 2022

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In eukaryotes, members of transcription factor families often exhibit similar DNA binding properties in vitro, yet orchestrate paralog-specific gene regulatory networks in vivo. The serially homologous first (T1) and third (T3) thoracic legs of Drosophila, which are specified by the Hox proteins Scr and Ubx, respectively, offer a unique opportunity to address this paradox in vivo. Genome-wide analyses using epitope-tagged alleles of both Hox loci in the T1 and T3 leg imaginal discs, the precursors to the adult legs and ventral body regions, show that ~8% of Hox binding is paralog-specific. Binding specificity is mediated by interactions with distinct cofactors in different domains: the Hox cofactor Exd acts in the proximal domain and is necessary for Scr to bind many of its paralog-specific targets, while in the distal leg domain, the homeodomain protein Distal-less (Dll) enhances Scr binding to a different subset of loci. These findings reveal how Hox paralogs, and perhaps paralogs of other transcription factor families, orchestrate alternative downstream gene regulatory networks with the help of multiple, context-specific cofactors.

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Developmental Genetics of the Posterior Legs in Drosophila Melanogaster

Cited by 49 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of a temperature-sensitiveMinutemutation on gene expression inDrosophila melanogaster

Effects of a temperature-sensitiveMinutemutation on gene expression inDrosophila melanogaster

Functional characterization of human Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) inDrosophila melanogasterreveal both conserved functions and differential induction of HOX gene expression

Transcription factor paralogs orchestrate alternative gene regulatory networks by context-dependent cooperation with multiple cofactors

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