Developmental Immunotoxicity (DIT) Testing: Current Recommendations and the Future of DIT Testing

vonderEmbse, Annalise N.; DeWitt, Jamie C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_4

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indeed, toxicology has long recognized the consequences of environmental and socioeconomic exposures that lead to developmental immunotoxicity. (Costa, 2017; DeWitt, Peden‐Adams, Keil, & Dietert, 2012; vonderEmbse & DeWitt, 2018) And while SDOH factors at an individual level may focus on uncertain or less accurate risk measurement than traditional laboratory values with known thresholds of risk, if magnified to a group level, SDOH factors exert large population attributable risk effects that contribute significantly to chronic health disparities. (Noren Hooten et al., 2022) Physiologic mechanisms that underly age acceleration associated with SDOH factors have been extensively reviewed by Noren Hooten et al., 2022, in which over 40 observational cohort studies were reviewed that adequately considered race and ethnicity in the study design and analyses.…”

Section: Incorporation Of Sdoh Factors In Translational and Biomedica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of Social and Structural Determinants of Health to Advance Understanding of their Influence on the Biology of Chronic Disease

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) consider social, political, and economic factors that contribute to health disparities in patients and populations. The most common health-related SDOH exposures are food and housing insecurity, financial instability, transportation needs, low levels of education, and psychosocial stress. These domains describe risks that can impact health outcomes more than health care. Epidemiologic and translational research demonstrates that SDOH factors represent exposures that predict harm and impact the health of individuals. International and national guidelines urge health professionals to address SDOH in clinical practice and public health. The further implementation of these recommendations into basic and translational research, however, is lagging. Herein, we consider a precision health framework to describe how SDOH contributes to the exposome and exacerbates physiologic pathways that lead to chronic disease. SDOH factors are associated with various forms of stressors that impact physiological processes through epigenetic, inflammatory, and redox regulation. Many SDOH exposures may add to or potentiate the pathologic effects of additional environmental exposures. This overview aims to inform basic life science and translational researchers about SDOH exposures that can confound associations between classic biomedical determinants of disease and health outcomes. To advance the study of toxicology through either qualitative or quantitative assessment of exposures to chemical and biological substances, a more complete environmental evaluation should include SDOH exposures. We discuss common approaches to measure SDOH factors at individual and population levels and review the associations between SDOH risk factors and physiologic mechanisms that influence chronic disease. We provide clinical and policy-based motivation to encourage researchers to consider the impact of SDOH exposures on study results and data interpretation. With valid measures of SDOH factors incorporated into study design and analyses, future toxicological research may contribute to an evidence base that can better inform prevention and treatment options, to improve equitable clinical care and population health.

show abstract

Section: Incorporation Of Sdoh Factors In Translational and Biomedica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of Social and Structural Determinants of Health to Advance Understanding of their Influence on the Biology of Chronic Disease

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Public Health Risks of PFAS-Related Immunotoxicity Are Real

Bline,

DeWitt,

Kwiatkowski

et al. 2024

Curr Envir Health Rpt

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review The discovery of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment and humans worldwide has ignited scientific research, government inquiry, and public concern over numerous adverse health effects associated with PFAS exposure. In this review, we discuss the use of PFAS immunotoxicity data in regulatory and clinical decision-making contexts and question whether recent efforts adequately account for PFAS immunotoxicity in public health decision-making. Recent Findings Government and academic reviews confirm the strongest human evidence for PFAS immunotoxicity is reduced antibody production in response to vaccinations, particularly for tetanus and diphtheria. However, recent events, such as the economic analysis supporting the proposed national primary drinking water regulations and clinical monitoring recommendations, indicate a failure to adequately incorporate these data into regulatory and clinical decisions. Summary To be more protective of public health, we recommend using all relevant immunotoxicity data to inform current and future PFAS-related chemical risk assessment and regulation. Biological measures of immune system effects, such as reduced antibody levels in response to vaccination, should be used as valid and informative markers of health outcomes and risks associated with PFAS exposure. Routine toxicity testing should be expanded to include immunotoxicity evaluations in adult and developing organisms. In addition, clinical recommendations for PFAS-exposed individuals and communities should be revisited and strengthened to provide guidance on incorporating immune system monitoring and other actions that can be taken to protect against adverse health outcomes.

show abstract