Developmental morphology of flattened shoots in <i>Dalzellia ubonensis</i> and <i>Indodalzellia gracilis</i> with implications for the evolution of diversified shoot morphologies in the subfamily Tristichoideae (Podostemaceae)

Fujinami, Rieko; Imaichi, Ryoko

doi:10.3732/ajb.1500206

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A set of unique shoot meristems is active as a meristematic line (crest) along the margin of the dorsiventrally flattened shoot. Fujinami and Imaichi (2015) found expression of the KNOX gene ( DuSTM ) and the WOX gene ( DuWUS ) along growing margins of crustose shoots in D. ubonensis. Dalzellia ( and to a minor degree also Tristicha and Indodalzellia ) may show a genetically fixed type of shoot fasciation (as discussed by Fujinami and Imaichi, 2015 ).…”

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…4A , B , D , E; Imaichi et al. , 2004 ; Fujinami and Imaichi, 2015 ). The crustose shoot shows dorsiventral construction: scaly leaves are restricted to its margin (‘marginal leaves’) and its upper surface (‘dorsal leaves’).…”

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2004) , Fujinami et al. (2013) and Fujinami and Imaichi (2015) . According to Jaeger-Zuern (2003) , the shoot apical meristem (shorter: shoot meristem) of D. zeylanica is not conical (in contrast to T. trifaria and I. ramosissima ), but wide and flat.…”

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crustose shoot of D. ubonensis ( D. zeylanica s.l. ) appears to be formed by zonal growth in the common region behind several shoot meristems, as well as by marginal meristems that spread among the shoot meristems ( Fujinami and Imaichi, 2015 ). Flowers in D. zeylanica arise from endogenous buds in the cortex of the dorsiventrally flattened shoots.…”

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Fujinami and Imaichi (2015) studied the developmental morphology (including genetics) in D. ubonensis (from Thailand) that is nested in D. zeylanica s.l. ( Koi et al.…”

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of unusual morphologies in Lentibulariaceae (bladderworts and allies) and Podostemaceae (river-weeds): a pictorial report at the interface of developmental biology and morphological diversification

Rutishauser

2015

Ann Bot

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Background Various groups of flowering plants reveal profound (‘saltational’) changes of their bauplans (architectural rules) as compared with related taxa. These plants are known as morphological misfits that appear as rather large morphological deviations from the norm. Some of them emerged as morphological key innovations (perhaps ‘hopeful monsters’) that gave rise to new evolutionary lines of organisms, based on (major) genetic changes.Scope This pictorial report places emphasis on released bauplans as typical for bladderworts (Utricularia, approx. 230 secies, Lentibulariaceae) and river-weeds (Podostemaceae, three subfamilies, approx. 54 genera, approx. 310 species). Bladderworts (Utricularia) are carnivorous, possessing sucking traps. They live as submerged aquatics (except for their flowers), as humid terrestrials or as epiphytes. Most Podostemaceae are restricted to rocks in tropical river-rapids and waterfalls. They survive as submerged haptophytes in these extreme habitats during the rainy season, emerging with their flowers afterwards. The recent scientific progress in developmental biology and evolutionary history of both Lentibulariaceae and Podostemaceae is summarized.Conclusions Lentibulariaceae and Podostemaceae follow structural rules that are different from but related to those of more typical flowering plants. The roots, stems and leaves – as still distinguishable in related flowering plants – are blurred (‘fuzzy’). However, both families have stable floral bauplans. The developmental switches to unusual vegetative morphologies facilitated rather than prevented the evolution of species diversity in both families. The lack of one-to-one correspondence between structural categories and gene expression may have arisen from the re-use of existing genetic resources in novel contexts. Understanding what developmental patterns are followed in Lentibulariaceae and Podostemaceae is a necessary prerequisite to discover the genetic alterations that led to the evolution of these atypical plants. Future molecular genetic work on morphological misfits such as bladderworts and river-weeds will provide insight into developmental and evolutionary aspects of more typical vascular plants.

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Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Fujinami and Imaichi (2015) studied the developmental morphology (including genetics) in D. ubonensis (from Thailand) that is nested in D. zeylanica s.l. ( Koi et al.…”

Section: The River-weed Puzzle Part 1 Podostemaceae-tristichoideae:mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of unusual morphologies in Lentibulariaceae (bladderworts and allies) and Podostemaceae (river-weeds): a pictorial report at the interface of developmental biology and morphological diversification

Rutishauser

2015

Ann Bot

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A classification of the aquatic Podostemaceae subfamily Tristichoideae, with a new genus based on ITS and matK phylogeny and morphological characters

Koi

Uniyal

Kato

2022

TAXON

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The submerged lithophilous Podostemaceae show remarkable variation in phenotypic characters. Taxonomic estimation of the characters alone may not have produced a natural classification of subfamily Tristichoideae. Among the genera, Cussetia and Indotristicha have not been examined by detailed morphological observations and molecular analyses. The present ITS and/or matK phylogenies indicated that Cussetia carinata is close to Terniopsis with high support, and Indotristicha tirunelveliana and Dalzellia form a clade with robust support, while the congeneric I. ramosissima was separated from the clade. Cussetia differs from Terniopsis by having many, alternately 3-whorled, carinate bracts and heteromorphic shoots, whereas they share the capped root and 3-stichous leaves. The habitat of C. carinata is the deepest under water in the family. Indotristicha tirunelveliana differs from Dalzellia in the holdfasts, shoots, ramuli, phyllotaxis and cupules. Based on the consistent phylogeny and morphological variation, the genus Cussetia is accepted and a new genus for I. tirunelveliana is proposed. The emended seven genera were characterized primarily by vegetative characters. Tabulated diagnostic characters, a synopsis and a key to genera is presented.

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Plant developmental oddities

Pozzi,

Brambilla,

Gaiti

et al. 2024

Planta

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Main conclusion Plants lacking shoot apical meristem develop with unique body shapes, suggesting rewiring of developmental genes. This loss of the meristem is likely influenced by a combination of environmental factors and evolutionary pressures. Abstract This study explores the development of plant bodies in three families (Podostemaceae, Lemnaceae, and Gesneriaceae) where the shoot apical meristem (SAM), a key structure for growth, is absent or altered. The review highlights alternative developmental strategies these plants employ. Also, we considered alternative reproduction in those species, namely through structures like turions, fronds, or modified leaves, bypassing the need for a SAM. Further, we report on studies based on the expression patterns of genes known to be involved in SAM formation and function. Interestingly, these genes are still present but expressed in atypical locations, suggesting a rewiring of developmental networks. Our view on the current literature and knowledge indicates that the loss or reduction of the SAM is driven by a combination of environmental pressures and evolutionary constraints, leading to these unique morphologies. Further research, also building on Next-Generation Sequencing, will be instrumental to explore the genetic basis for these adaptations and how environmental factors influence them.

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Developmental morphology of flattened shoots in Dalzellia ubonensis and Indodalzellia gracilis with implications for the evolution of diversified shoot morphologies in the subfamily Tristichoideae (Podostemaceae)

Abstract: The foliose shoots of Indodalzellia and Dalzellia evolved as a result of congenital fusion among several original and lateral branches, each of which grows separately in other Tristichoideae.

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Evolution of unusual morphologies in Lentibulariaceae (bladderworts and allies) and Podostemaceae (river-weeds): a pictorial report at the interface of developmental biology and morphological diversification

Evolution of unusual morphologies in Lentibulariaceae (bladderworts and allies) and Podostemaceae (river-weeds): a pictorial report at the interface of developmental biology and morphological diversification

A classification of the aquatic Podostemaceae subfamily Tristichoideae, with a new genus based on ITS and matK phylogeny and morphological characters

Plant developmental oddities

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