Developmental orthopaedic disease and early osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint in a 15‐month‐old Quarter Horse filly

Pimentel, Karen L.; Allen, Andrew L.; Carmalt, James L.

doi:10.1111/eve.13578

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

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Accuracy of computed tomography in diagnosing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis relative to histopathological findings – an ex–vivo study of 41 horses

Jasinski,

Zdrojkowski,

Turek

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used for imaging the equine head, particularly when diseases of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including osteoarthritis (OA), are suspected. However, certain CT findings have been proposed as 'anatomical variations', and their clinical significance remains unknown. The objectives of this prospective descriptive cross-sectional study were to describe the CT and histopathological findings of TMJ OA in relation to horse age, evaluate the accuracy of TMJ OA diagnosis with regard to 'CT anatomical variations', and explore the correlations between specific CT and histopathological findings. CT images and tissue samples from 41 heads (82 TMJs) were independently and simultaneously reviewed by two observers. Descriptive statistics on both findings, their age-related frequency, and accuracy of TMJ OA diagnosis were calculated. Based on histopathological assessment, TMJ OA was confirmed in 18% of joints in horses aged 1-4 years, 63% of joints in horses aged 5-15 years, and 83% of joints in horses over 15 years. Considering entire CT findings, TMJ OA was radiologically recognized in 76% of joints, with a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 0.37. When 'CT anatomical variations' were excluded, TMJ OA was recognized in 30% of joints, with a sensitivity of 0.51 and a specificity of 0.88. Findings suggest that the equine TMJ may undergo both age-related and disease-related remodeling, detectable through CT and histopathology, and that the inclusion or exclusion of certain 'CT anatomical variations' in the diagnostic protocol affects the sensitivity and specificity of CT-based TMJ OA recognition.

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Accuracy of computed tomography in diagnosing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis relative to histopathological findings – an ex–vivo study of 41 horses

Jasinski,

Zdrojkowski,

Turek

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Long-Term Outcome of Horses Undergoing Unilateral Mandibular Condylectomy and Meniscectomy for Temporomandibular Joint Disease

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThere are no reports describing the long-term outcome of sport horses undergoing unilateral mandibular condylectomy with meniscectomy (UMC) for treatment for severe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease (TMD). Whether horses undergoing UMC require a specialized diet, can return to riding with a bit, or return to intended function after surgery is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the long-term outcome of horses undergoing UMC for treatment of severe TMD.Study DesignA multi-institutional, retrospective study.MethodsMedical records obtained from seven equine referral hospitals of horses with severe TMD that underwent UMC were reviewed. Details regarding the presenting complaints, results of clinical examination, findings of diagnostic imaging, surgical technique, and outcome (including long-term follow-up with an owner questionnaire) were recorded.ResultsEleven horses fit the inclusion criteria. Three had severe idiopathic osteoarthritis, and eight had confirmed septic osteoarthritis of the TMJ. The most common post-operative complications were drainage and peri-incisional swelling (n = 5). One horse developed a hematoma at the surgical site because the facial artery was inadvertently transected during the approach, causing the condylectomy to be postponed. All horses were discharged alive from the hospital, and 10 returned to their previous or intended use. All had complete resolution of clinical signs of TMD. One mare was retired from athletic use due to her genetic value as a broodmare. One horse was euthanized 2 years after UMC due to progressively worsening of clinical signs of temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO), which were not present before surgery. When available, owner satisfaction of the results of the procedure was excellent.Main LimitationsSample size; multiple institutions; owner bias.ConclusionsUnilateral mandibular condylectomy should not be considered a salvage procedure. Horses treated for severe TMD by UMC can return to their previous or intended level of athletic performance and do not require a specialized diet.

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Developmental orthopaedic disease and early osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint in a 15‐month‐old Quarter Horse filly

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

Accuracy of computed tomography in diagnosing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis relative to histopathological findings – an ex–vivo study of 41 horses

Accuracy of computed tomography in diagnosing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis relative to histopathological findings – an ex–vivo study of 41 horses

Long-Term Outcome of Horses Undergoing Unilateral Mandibular Condylectomy and Meniscectomy for Temporomandibular Joint Disease

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