Developmental pathway of orthorexia nervosa: Factors contributing to progression from healthy eating to excessive preoccupation with healthy eating. Experiences of Dutch health professionals

Douma, Emma R; Valente, Martina; Syurina, Elena V.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.105008

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It is particularly prevalent among college and university students [ 4 – 7 ], specifically those majoring in health and nutritional sciences [ 8 , 9 ], as well as among health professionals [ 10 ]. ON is often precipitated by such initiating events as a break-up or a chronic disease diagnosis, although a high level of health-related education is also a baseline risk factor for its development [ 8 , 11 ]. It has been associated with perfectionism [ 12 ], muscle dysmorphia [ 7 ], body image [ 13 ], a chronic disease diagnosis [ 14 ], increased social media use and pseudoscience posts [ 11 , 15 ], organic food consumption [ 16 ], and level of physical activity and exercise addiction [ 17 , 18 ], as well as sports participation at the elite level [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals suffering from ON tend to exhibit a pathological personality pattern and difficulty in regulating emotions [ 20 ], similarly to other EDs [ 21 ]. In order to control their dietary intake, patients often avoid eating with others, leading to social isolation [ 11 , 22 , 23 ]. Their diets are restrictive, with low-fat, low-sugar, vegetarian, or low-gluten being the most commonly adopted regimes [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to control their dietary intake, patients often avoid eating with others, leading to social isolation [ 11 , 22 , 23 ]. Their diets are restrictive, with low-fat, low-sugar, vegetarian, or low-gluten being the most commonly adopted regimes [ 11 ]. These dietary constraints often lead to nutritional deficiencies, malnutrition, and tiredness [ 11 ], while inability to access the desired food groups can trigger mental distress, self-punishment, and guilt [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Orthorexia nervosa: replication and validation of the ORTO questionnaires translated into Greek in a survey of 848 Greek individuals

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The present study aimed to validate the ORTO-15 questionnaire for orthorexia nervosa (ON), translated by our group into the Greek language, and replicate the findings of the recently proposed 6-item ORTO-R. Methods The tool was translated into the Greek language (ORTO-15-GR) using the forward–backward–forward method. A total of 848 adults participated in the validation study by filling in the questionnaires and providing general characteristics (age, gender, educational level, body weight, and height). The internal consistency of the tool was assessed by the omega (ω) coefficient, and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) examined its factorial structure. Using the original six items of the ORTO-15 tool, a separate CFA model examined the factorial structure of the proposed ORTO-R tool. Furthermore, regression models tested the association of ORTO-R with study variables. Results For ORTO-15-GR, the omega coefficient was 0.70 and for the ORTO-R 0.65. For the latter, the CFA revealed acceptable goodness-of-fit (standardized factor loadings from 0.36 to 0.64); however, all ORTO-15 models were characterized by a poor fit. In addition, there was a negative association between ORTO-R score and female gender, body mass index (BMI), and having a nutrition-related health problem. Conclusion The replication of ORTO-R indicates that it is a reliable tool in the field of ON. Therefore, the use of a 6-item questionnaire for ON assessment appears promising in research and clinical settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42000-022-00351-4.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Orthorexia nervosa: replication and validation of the ORTO questionnaires translated into Greek in a survey of 848 Greek individuals

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further risk factors have been identified, similar to those linked to EDs and/or OCD (such as excessive exercise, anxiety, obsessiveness, low self-esteem, perfectionism, detail-focus, social media, thin deal, high harm avoidance, low self-directedness), and actually also from our survey it emerged that body weight issues were considered a “a lot” to “very much” relevant factor by more than 70% of respondents. Nonetheless, there is still uncertainty about the causes that actually contribute to the symptoms of ON [ 48 – 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What do Italian healthcare professionals think about orthorexia nervosa? Results from a multicenter survey

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an obsession for healthy and proper nutrition. Diagnostic criteria for ON are lacking and the psychopathology of ON is still a matter of debate in the clinical and scientific community. Our aim was to better understand the Italian clinical and scientific community’s opinion about ON. Methods Anonymous online survey for Italian healthcare professionals, implemented with the REDCap platform and spread through a multicenter collaboration. Information was gathered about socio-demographic, educational and occupational features, as well as about experience in the diagnosis and treatment of EDs. The main part of the survey focused on ON and its features, classification and sociocultural correlates. Results The survey was completed by 343 participants. Most responders (68.2%) considered ON as a variant of Eating Disorders (EDs), and 58.6% a possible prodromal phase or evolution of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Most participants (68.5%) thought the next DSM should include a specific diagnostic category for ON, preferably in the EDs macro-category (82.1%). Moreover, 77.3% of responders thought that ON deserves more attention on behalf of researchers and clinicians, and that its treatment should be similar to that for EDs (60.9%). Participants thinking that ON should have its own diagnostic category in the next DSM edition had greater odds of being younger ( p = 0.004) and of considering ON a prodromic phase of another ED, such as AN ( p = 0.039). Discussion Our survey suggests that the scientific community still seems split between those who consider ON as a separate disorder and those who do not. More research is still needed to better understand the construct of ON and its relationship with EDs; disadvantages and advantages of giving ON its own diagnosis should be balanced. Level of evidence V (descriptive cohort study). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40519-021-01336-9.

show abstract

“…This disordered eating behavior can lead to major negative outcomes such as food restrictions, emotional fluctuations and social withdrawal (Brytek Matera, 2012;Moroze et al, 2015). Its development can be explained as an active interaction of biological, psychological, and social dynamics over time (Douma et al, 2020). Orthorexic people become obsessed with the food they consume and tend to follow a very restrictive diet (Koven & Abry 2015).…”

Section: Developing Eating Disorders During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Social Media Use and Dependence on Dietary Intake and Prevalence of Orthorexia in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women. (c2022)

Issa¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social media use may have detrimental effects on the physical and mental wellbeing of young adults, including body image dissatisfaction and changes in dietary behavior. This issue may be of particular concern in pregnant women since adequate dietary behavior is essential for the health of the mother and fetus. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of social media use and dependence on dietary intake and prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in pregnant women and compare it to non-pregnant women. A mixed-method design was used. Participants (250 pregnant and 240 non-pregnant Lebanese women) filled a questionnaire assessing social media use and dependence, intuitive eating behaviors as well as orthorexia. Five focus groups (each including 10 pregnant women) were also conducted to supplement the quantitative data collected. The prevalence of orthorexia was 21.6% in pregnant women compared to 12.9% in non-pregnant women (p=0.011). Social media use and dependence were negatively correlated with intuitive eating behaviors and practices. However, social media use was not significantly associated with orthorexia. Regression analyses showed that both social media use (p<0.001) and having a social media account (p=0.023) were predictors of reduced intuitive eating, with social media use being the most significant predictor. Data from the focus groups revealed that pregnant women felt that social media was negatively affecting their eating behavior, through an increase in appearance comparison as well as visual hunger. The latter was increased in the stressful context of the Lebanese economic collapse which reduced food accessibility, in addition to the COVID-19 pandemic-associated confinement which led to an increased use of social media as well as more unhealthy snacking. Social media use may negatively affect the dietary choices and intuitive eating behaviors of both pregnant and non-pregnant women. That being said, interventions to regulate social media content and limit exposure to unrealistic thin ideal as well as to educate women about dietary changes and requirements during pregnancy may be helpful to increase intuitive eating behaviors and decrease the risk of disordered eating and orthorexia in this population.

show abstract

Developmental pathway of orthorexia nervosa: Factors contributing to progression from healthy eating to excessive preoccupation with healthy eating. Experiences of Dutch health professionals

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Orthorexia nervosa: replication and validation of the ORTO questionnaires translated into Greek in a survey of 848 Greek individuals

Orthorexia nervosa: replication and validation of the ORTO questionnaires translated into Greek in a survey of 848 Greek individuals

What do Italian healthcare professionals think about orthorexia nervosa? Results from a multicenter survey

Effects of Social Media Use and Dependence on Dietary Intake and Prevalence of Orthorexia in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women. (c2022)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About