Developmental Patterns of Mucin Gene Expression in Human Fetal Small Intestinal Xenografts Maintained in Severe-Combined Immunodeficient Mice

Buisine, Marie‐Pierre; Aubert, Jean‐Pierre; Walker, W. Allan; Savidge, Theresa

doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000064582.30004.62

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Briefly, fetal small intestine from 16-to 20-wk fetuses was transplanted s.c. into SCID mice and kept in a pathogen-free environment for 6 mo as previously reported (13). We have shown in several recent publications (16,17) that fetal tissue transplanted into SCID mice reepithelializes and matures in a manner similar to that in the intrauterine environment as determined by microvillous disaccharidases and other enzymes. Accordingly, when studied the xenograft small intestinal samples are as viable as intestinal biopsy samples.…”

Section: Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Once small intestinal loops of fetuses of gestational age 16 -20 wk are transplanted into the s.c. capsule, a reepithelialization occurs and they develop in a manner similar to that predicted for the third trimester of human gestation in utero (16,17). Fetal human xenografts can be isolated and exposed to CT and then used to measure cAMP accumulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Development of Microbial-Human Enterocyte Interaction: Cholera Toxin

et al. 2003

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Section: Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of Microbial-Human Enterocyte Interaction: Cholera Toxin

et al. 2003

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“…IL-8 increases in response to inflammatory stimuli in immature enterocytes compared with mature enterocytes [26]. It was reported that the same effect is seen in animal models, intestinal explants, and xenografts [27]. Clinical observation has shown that patients with NEC, especially infants who need surgery, have much higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium adolescentis protects against necrotizing enterocolitis and upregulates TOLLIP and SIGIRR in premature neonatal rats

Wang

Zou

et al. 2017

BMC Pediatr

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BackgroundNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disorder that is often seen in premature infants. Probiotics decrease the risk of NEC; however, the mechanism by which probiotics work is not clear. The goal of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of Bifidobacterium adolescentis in an NEC rat model.MethodsSprague-Dawley neonatal rats were obtained by caesarean section after 20-21 d gestation and randomly divided into the following 3 groups: dam fed (DF), formula fed (FF), and formula + B. adolescentis (FB). Those in the FF and FB groups developed NEC after exposure to asphyxia and cold stress. All rats were sacrificed 72 h after birth and intestinal injury and mRNA expression of TLR4, TOLLIP and SIGIRR were assessed.Results B. adolescentis significantly increased the 72-h survival rate from 56.3% in the FF group to 86.7% in the FB group. B. adolescentis significantly reduced the histological score from a median of 3.0 in the FF group to a median of 1.0 in the FB group,and significantly decreased the rate of NEC-like intestinal injury from 77.8% in the FF group to 23.1% in the FB group. The mRNA expression of TLR4 increased 3.6 fold in the FF group but decreased by 2 fold from B. adolescentis treatment. mRNA expression of TOLLIP and SIGIRR decreased 4.3 and 3.7 fold, respectively, in the FF group. B. adolescentis significantly increased mRNA expression of TOLLIP and SIGIRR by 3.7 fold and 2.6 fold, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated B. adolescentis prevents NEC in preterm neonatal rats and that the mechanism for this action might be associated with the alteration of TLR4, TOLLIP, and SIGIRR expression.

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“…The initial site of infection may be the tonsils, and tonsil material from humans can be engrafted into humanized mice to serve as a site of infection for this virus (Duchosal et al, 2000; Yamanaka et al, 2001; Vallet et al, 2005). The gastrointestinal tract can also serve as a site of infection, and human intestine transplanted humanized mice could potentially be developed (Buisine et al, 2003). Of concern is that the FDA has issued a warning for PML by JCV infection that may be associated with four commonly used drugs: Rituxan, natalizumab (Tysabri, which is a last resort medicine for severe cases of multiple sclerosis), efalizumab (Raptiva), and brentuximab vedotin.…”

Section: Development Of New Human Cell and Tissue Engraftment Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Engraftment of tissues such as human pulmonary tissue (Peault et al, 1994) would provide a humanized mouse model not only for MERS-CoV but also for other coronaviruses and for other infectious agents that target lung epithelium. For infectious agents such as Salmonella that can cross the intestinal epithelium and are internalized by macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells, engraftment of human small intestine along with human hematopoietic stem cells into immunodeficient mice (Buisine et al, 2003) may represent a novel approach for studying this infectious agent in humanized mice.…”

Section: Development Of New Human Cell and Tissue Engraftment Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of improved humanized mouse models for human infectious diseases

Brehm

Wiles

Greiner

et al. 2014

Journal of Immunological Methods

122

102

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The study of human-specific infectious agents has been hindered by the lack of optimal small animal models. More recently development of novel strains of immunodeficient mice has begun to provide the opportunity to utilize small animal models for the study of many human-specific infectious agents. The introduction of a targeted mutation in the IL2 receptor common gamma chain gene (IL2rgnull) in mice already deficient in T and B cells led to a breakthrough in the ability to engraft hematopoietic stem cells, as well as functional human lymphoid cells and tissues, effectively creating human immune systems in immunodeficient mice. These humanized mice are becoming increasingly important as pre-clinical models for the study of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and other human-specific infectious agents. However, there remain a number of opportunities to further improve humanized mouse models for the study of human-specific infectious agents. This is being done by the implementation of innovative technologies, which collectively will accelerate the development of new models of genetically modified mice, including; i) modifications of the host to reduce innate immunity, which impedes human cell engraftment; ii) genetic modification to provide human-specific growth factors and cytokines required for optimal human cell growth and function; iii) and new cell and tissue engraftment protocols. The development of “next generation” humanized mouse models continues to provide exciting opportunities for the establishment of robust small animal models to study the pathogenesis of human-specific infectious agents, as well as for testing the efficacy of therapeutic agents and experimental vaccines.

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Developmental Patterns of Mucin Gene Expression in Human Fetal Small Intestinal Xenografts Maintained in Severe-Combined Immunodeficient Mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Development of Microbial-Human Enterocyte Interaction: Cholera Toxin

Development of Microbial-Human Enterocyte Interaction: Cholera Toxin

Bifidobacterium adolescentis protects against necrotizing enterocolitis and upregulates TOLLIP and SIGIRR in premature neonatal rats

Generation of improved humanized mouse models for human infectious diseases

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