Developmental regulation of gene expression for the MPTPδ isoforms in the central nervous system and the immune system

Abstract

MPTP6 is a murine transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase which has three isoforms, types A-C, differing in the structure of the extracellular regions. In this study, we examined MPTP~ isoform expression in the brain and the immune system at discrete developmental or differentiation stages. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that another isoform, type D, is transcribed from the MPTP~ gene. In\the brain, only type D was expressed until postnatal day 7 (P7), but after P14, all four isoforms were detected. In contrast, the spleen, thymus and all the hematopoietic cell lines examined express only types B and C isoforms. An in situ hybridization study showed that MPTP6 mRNA is diffusely expressed throughout the spleen, but its expression in the thymus is restricted to the medullary region.

IL-1 Receptor Accessory Protein-Like 1 Associated with Mental Retardation and Autism Mediates Synapse Formation byTrans-Synaptic Interaction with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase δ

“…5A). All variants have four fibronectin type III-like domains, consistent with a previous report (Mizuno et al, 1994). The most abundant form (PTP␦) contains both mini-exon (me) A and meB peptides as reported for human PTP␦ (Pulido et al, 1995), while some variants contain 6 or 3 aa instead of meA peptide (PTP␦A6 or PTP␦A3), and others lack meA, meB, or both (PTP␦A Ϫ , PTP␦A3B Ϫ , or PTP␦A Ϫ B Ϫ ).…”

Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein Organizes Neuronal Synaptogenesis as a Cell Adhesion Molecule

“…Thus, our results revealed the role of IL-1RAcP as a synaptic cell adhesion molecule. Our finding raises an intriguing possibility that the cell adherent interaction between IL-1RAcP and PTP␦ may also play a role by modulating signaling of IL-1 family cytokines or mediating signaling independent of them in various tissues where both molecules are expressed (Mizuno et al, 1994;Greenfeder et al, 1995). It will be interesting to note that the PTPRD gene is often inactivated in cancers including melanoma, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer (Julien et al, 2011) while upregulation of IL-1 signaling is implicated in the progression and metastasis of these cancers (Dinarello, 2010).…”

Mammalian Motoneuron Axon Targeting Requires Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases σ and δ

“…Among the three members of the mammalian LAR-RPTP subfamily, LAR is most broadly expressed and, in particular, is expressed in many non-neural tissues. In contrast, RPTP-and RPTP-␦ are both expressed in the CNS during neural development, often by the same cell types (Yan et al, 1993;Mizuno et al, 1994;Sommer et al, 1997;Schaapveld et al, 1998). We postulated that RPTPand RPTP-␦ likely play important roles during neural development but that they may compensate for each other functionally in single RPTP mutant mice.…”

“…Limited levels of LAR expression in the CNS are detected during development, and its absence results in minor defects in cholinergic innervation of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (Yeo et al, 1997;Van Lieshout et al, 2001). In contrast, RPTP-and RPTP-␦ are highly expressed in the developing mammalian nervous system (Yan et al, 1993;Mizuno et al, 1994;Sommer et al, 1997;Schaapveld et al, 1998). RPTP--deficient mice exhibit abnormal development of the pituitary and neurological defects that include spastic movements and abnormal limb flexion (Elchebly et al, 1999;Wallace et al, 1999).…”