Developmental Regulation of Monoterpene Biosynthesis in the Glandular Trichomes of Peppermint

McConkey, Marie; Gershenzon, Jonathan; Croteau, Rodney

doi:10.1104/pp.122.1.215

Cited by 206 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In a developmental manner, juvenile leaves, which are no older than 2 weeks postsprouting, have the highest steady- state level of QH6 mRNA. This is similar to the findings from peppermint in which monoterpenes were found to be synthesized only in 12-to 20-d-old leaves that were not yet fully expanded (Mihaliak et al, 1991;Gershenzon et al, 2000;McConkey et al, 2000). This rapid decline during development is supported by Tellez et al (1999), who found that in leaves of 4-month-old A. annua plants, no ␤-pinene could be detected, whereas ␣-pinene represented as much as 26.7% of the total volatiles extracted.…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Of (؊)-␤-Pinene Biosyntsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Borg-Karlson et al, 1994). In different developmental stages of peppermint, coincident temporal change in enzyme activities, enzyme protein levels, and steadystate transcript abundances of monoterpene synthases was demonstrated, indicating that most of the monoterpene synthases in this plant are regulated at the level of gene expression (Gershenzon et al, 2000;McConkey et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning and Functional Characterization of a β-Pinene Synthase from Artemisia annua That Shows a Circadian Pattern of Expression

Jia

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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Artemisia annua plants produce a broad range of volatile compounds, including monoterpenes, which contribute to the characteristic fragrance of this medicinal species. A cDNA clone, QH6, contained an open reading frame encoding a 582-amino acid protein that showed high sequence identity to plant monoterpene synthases. The prokaryotically expressed QH6 fusion protein converted geranyl diphosphate to (−)-β-pinene and (−)-α-pinene in a 94:6 ratio. QH6 was predominantly expressed in juvenile leaves 2 weeks postsprouting. QH6 transcript levels were transiently reduced following mechanical wounding or fungal elicitor treatment, suggesting that this gene is not directly involved in defense reaction induced by either of these treatments. Under a photoperiod of 12 h/12 h (light/dark), the abundance of QH6 transcripts fluctuated in a diurnal pattern that ebbed around 3 h before daybreak (9th h in the dark phase) and peaked after 9 h in light (9th h in the light phase). The contents of (−)-β-pinene in juvenile leaves and in emitted volatiles also varied in a diurnal rhythm, correlating strongly with mRNA accumulation. WhenA. annua was entrained by constant light or constant dark conditions, QH6 transcript accumulation continued to fluctuate with circadian rhythms. Under constant light, advanced cycles of fluctuation of QH6 transcript levels were observed, and under constant dark, the cycle was delayed. However, the original diurnal pattern could be regained when the plants were returned to the normal light/dark (12 h/12 h) photoperiod. This is the first report that monoterpene biosynthesis is transcriptionally regulated in a circadian pattern.

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Section: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Of (؊)-␤-Pinene Biosyntsupporting

confidence: 76%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a β-Pinene Synthase from Artemisia annua That Shows a Circadian Pattern of Expression

Jia

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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“…This is the first study, to our knowledge, that demonstrates the constitutive and induced activity of terpenoid synthases at a tissue-specific level in a gymnosperm system. Enzymatic and molecular studies of terpenoids at the tissue-specific level have previously been reported only in some angiosperm systems, the glandular trichomes of Mentha ϫ piperita (McConkey et al, 2000), the trichomes of Nicotiana glutinosa (Guo and Wagner, 1995), or the scentproducing floral tissues of Clarkia breweri (Dudareva et al, 1996). The results described here justify future analysis of MeJA-induced TD differentiation and regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis in spruce at the cellular and subcellular level to elucidate the control mechanisms responsible for such localized expression.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Jasmonate Induces Traumatic Resin Ducts, Terpenoid Resin Biosynthesis, and Terpenoid Accumulation in Developing Xylem of Norway Spruce Stems

et al. 2002

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Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) produces an oleoresin characterized by a diverse array of terpenoids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and diterpene resin acids that can protect conifers against potential herbivores and pathogens. Oleoresin accumulates constitutively in resin ducts in the cortex and phloem (bark) of Norway spruce stems. De novo formation of traumatic resin ducts (TDs) is observed in the developing secondary xylem (wood) after insect attack, fungal elicitation, and mechanical wounding. Here, we characterize the methyl jasmonate-induced formation of TDs in Norway spruce by microscopy, chemical analyses of resin composition, and assays of terpenoid biosynthetic enzymes. The response involves tissue-specific differentiation of TDs, terpenoid accumulation, and induction of enzyme activities of both prenyltransferases and terpene synthases in the developing xylem, a tissue that constitutively lacks axial resin ducts in spruce. The induction of a complex defense response in Norway spruce by methyl jasmonate application provides new avenues to evaluate the role of resin defenses for protection of conifers against destructive pests such as white pine weevils (Pissodes strobi), bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae), and insect-associated tree pathogens.

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“…Moreover, as these tissues contain many of the enzymes and significantly express many of the genes involved in the production of such metabolites, the isolation of secretory cells has greatly contributed to characterization of many of the enzymes and genes involved in the formation of many plant natural products in peppermint, sweet and lemon basil, as well as tomato and other crops (Fridman et al, 2005;Gang et al, 2002;Iijima et al, 2004a,b;McConkey et al, 2000). The following sections describe the biosynthesis of plant-derived flavor molecules grouped by their biogenetic origin.…”

Section: Biosynthetic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of plant‐derived flavor compounds

Schwab¹,

Davidovich‐Rikanati²,

Lewinsohn³

2008

The Plant Journal

968

704

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SummaryPlants have the capacity to synthesize, accumulate and emit volatiles that may act as aroma and flavor molecules due to interactions with human receptors. These low-molecular-weight substances derived from the fatty acid, amino acid and carbohydrate pools constitute a heterogenous group of molecules with saturated and unsaturated, straight-chain, branched-chain and cyclic structures bearing various functional groups (e.g. alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters and ethers) and also nitrogen and sulfur. They are commercially important for the food, pharmaceutical, agricultural and chemical industries as flavorants, drugs, pesticides and industrial feedstocks. Due to the low abundance of the volatiles in their plant sources, many of the natural products had been replaced by their synthetic analogues by the end of the last century. However, the foreseeable shortage of the crude oil that is the source for many of the artifical flavors and fragrances has prompted recent interest in understanding the formation of these compounds and engineering their biosynthesis. Although many of the volatile constituents of flavors and aromas have been identified, many of the enzymes and genes involved in their biosynthesis are still not known. However, modification of flavor by genetic engineering is dependent on the knowledge and availability of genes that encode enzymes of key reactions that influence or divert the biosynthetic pathways of plant-derived volatiles. Major progress has resulted from the use of molecular and biochemical techniques, and a large number of genes encoding enzymes of volatile biosynthesis have recently been reported.

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Developmental Regulation of Monoterpene Biosynthesis in the Glandular Trichomes of Peppermint

Abstract: Monoterpene production in peppermint (Mentha ؋ piperita L.) glandular trichomes is determined by the rate of biosynthesis, as determined by 14

Cited by 206 publications

References 48 publications

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a β-Pinene Synthase from Artemisia annua That Shows a Circadian Pattern of Expression

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a β-Pinene Synthase from Artemisia annua That Shows a Circadian Pattern of Expression

Methyl Jasmonate Induces Traumatic Resin Ducts, Terpenoid Resin Biosynthesis, and Terpenoid Accumulation in Developing Xylem of Norway Spruce Stems

Biosynthesis of plant‐derived flavor compounds

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