Developmental studies of the hippocampus and hippocampal-dependent behaviors: Insights from interdisciplinary studies and tips for new investigators

Albani, Sarah; McHail, Daniel G.; Dumas, Theodore C.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.04.009

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…More recent studies also trace development of spontaneous alternation behavior: for example, it is not present in rats 17–19 days of age but is present at 22–24 days (Blair et al, ), and there is no difference in rates of spontaneous alternation between adolescent (28 days) and adult rats (56–70 days of age; Sakakibara et al, ). Many studies examining emergence of spontaneous alternation over development examine the behavior in conjunction with various aspects of neural development, including that of the hippocampus (see Albani, McHail, & Dumas, ). Spontaneous alternation has also been tested in older animals: for example, 18‐ and 23‐month old mice decreased alternation to chance levels at much shorter ITIs (90s and 30s, respectively) than did younger mice (180s), perhaps reflecting a decline in hippocampal memory for spontaneous alternation in aging mice (Vandesquille, Krazem, Louis, Lestage, & Béracochéa, ; see also Gold & Korol, ).…”

Section: Exploring Similarities and Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The puzzle of spontaneous alternation and inhibition of return: How they might fit together

Phillmore

Klein

2019

Hippocampus

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Two isolated spatial phenomena share a similar “been there; done that” effect on spatial behavior. Originally discovered in rodent learning experiments, spontaneous alternation is a tendency for the organism to visit a different arm in a T‐maze on subsequent trials. Originally discovered in human studies of attention, inhibition of return is a tendency for the organism to orient away from a previously attended location. Whereas spontaneous alternation was identified by O'Keefe & Nadel as dependent on an intact hippocampus, inhibition of return is dependent on neural structures that participate in oculomotor control (the superior colliculus, parietal and frontal cortex). Despite the isolated literatures, each phenomenon has been assumed to reflect a basic novelty‐seeking process, avoiding places previously visited or locations attended. In this commentary, we explore and compare the behavioral manifestations and neural underpinnings of these two phenomena, and suggest what is still needed to determine whether they operate in parallel or serial.

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Section: Exploring Similarities and Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The puzzle of spontaneous alternation and inhibition of return: How they might fit together

Phillmore

Klein

2019

Hippocampus

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“…Our results reveal that immune activation can produce alterations in cognitive function that are distinct across ages (Henry et al, ; Liu et al, ). Neuroscientists are only beginning to understand how the maturation of certain structures in the brain allows for the emergence of specific behaviors throughout development (Albani et al, ). Similarly, immunologists understand very little about the developing peripheral and central immune systems (Sharma et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal infection produces significant changes in immune function with no associated learning deficits in juvenile rats

Osborne

Caulfield

Solomotis

et al. 2017

Developmental Neurobiology

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The current experiments examined the impact of early-life immune activation and a subsequent mild immune challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 25μg/kg) on hippocampal-dependent learning, proinflammatory cytokine expression in the brain, and peripheral immune function in juvenile male and female rats at P24, an age when hippocampal-dependent learning and memory first emerges. Our results indicate that neonatal infection did not produce learning deficits in the hippocampal-dependent context pre-exposure facilitation effect paradigm in juvenile males and females, contrary to what has been observed in adults. Neonatal infection produced an increase in baseline IL-1b expression in the hippocampus (HP) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of juvenile rats. Furthermore, neonatally infected rats showed exaggerated IL-1β expression in the HP following LPS treatment as juveniles; and juvenile females, but not males, showed exaggerated IL-1β expression in the mPFC following LPS treatment. Neonatal infection attenuated the production of IL-6 expression following LPS treatment in both the brain and the spleen, and neonatal infection decreased the numbers of circulating white blood cells in juvenile males and females, an effect that was further exacerbated by subsequent LPS treatment. Together, our data indicate that the consequences of neonatal infection are detectable even early in juvenile development, though we found no concomitant hippocampal-dependent learning deficits at this young age. These findings underscore the need to consider age and associated on-going neurodevelopmental processes as important factors contributing to the emergence of cognitive and behavioral disorders linked to early-life immune activation.

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“…6A). Thus, the Y maze test may not be suitable for assessing cognitive abilities in rodents prior to P20 (Albani et al, 2014). Nevertheless, DS mice covered significantly longer distances during exploration (Fig.…”

Section: Behavioral Deficits In Ds Mice During the Febrile Worseningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early EEG and behavioral alterations in Dravet mice

Fadila

Quinn

Maia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Dravet Syndrome (Dravet) is a severe childhood epileptic encephalopathy. The disease begins around the age of six months, with a febrile stage, characterized by febrile seizures with otherwise normal development. By the end of the first year of life, the disease progresses to the worsening stage, featuring recurrent intractable seizures and the appearance of additional comorbidities, including global developmental delay, cognitive deficits, hyperactivity and motor problems. Later, in early school years, Dravet reaches the stabilization stage, in which seizure burden decreases, while Dravet-associated comorbidities persist. Dravet syndrome mouse models (DS) faithfully recapitulate the three stages of the human syndrome. Here, we performed power spectral analyses of background EEG activity in DS and their wild-type (WT) littermates, demonstrating disease stagerelated alterations. Specifically, while the febrile stage activity resembled that of WT mice, we observed a marked reduction in total power during the worsening stage and a smaller reduction during the stabilization stage. Moreover, low EEG power at the worsening stage correlated with increased risk for premature death, suggesting that such measurements can potentially be used as a marker for Dravet severity. With normal development at the febrile stage and the presentation of developmental delay at the worsening stage, the contribution of recurrent seizures to the emergence of Dravet-associated comorbidities is still debated.Thus, we further characterized the behavior of WT and DS mice during the different stages of Dravet. At the febrile stage, despite their normal background EEG patterns, DS mice already demonstrated motor impairment and hyperactivity in the open field, that persisted to the worsening and stabilization stages. Conversely, clear evidence for deficits in working memory emerged later in life, during the worsening stage. These results indicate that despite the mild epilepsy at the febrile stage, DS development is already altered, suggesting that the pathophysiological mechanisms governing the appearance of some Dravet behavioral comorbidities may be independent of the epileptic phenotype. Highlights • Reduction in background EEG power in Dravet• Low EEG power correlates with the risk of premature death• Motor deficits and hyperactivity are evident as early as the febrile stage • Cognitive deficits and detection of increased anxiety begin at the worsening stage 10 min, and were selected from throughout the entire recording. Spikes were detected using LabChart 8 software (ADInstruments, Sydney, Australia). The threshold was set to 7 standard divisions, and their maximal allowed duration was set to 250 ms. Early motor activityWT and DS mice were tested from P8 to P11. Mice were individually placed in the middle of a 13 cm wide circle and the latency to cross the drawn borders of the circle was measured. The test was repeated three times and averaged. If the mouse was unable to cross the border of the circle within 1 min, the test was terminated. ...

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Developmental studies of the hippocampus and hippocampal-dependent behaviors: Insights from interdisciplinary studies and tips for new investigators

Cited by 53 publications

References 81 publications

The puzzle of spontaneous alternation and inhibition of return: How they might fit together

The puzzle of spontaneous alternation and inhibition of return: How they might fit together

Neonatal infection produces significant changes in immune function with no associated learning deficits in juvenile rats

Early EEG and behavioral alterations in Dravet mice

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