Developmental Timing of Housing Mobility: Longitudinal Effects on Externalizing Behaviors among At-Risk Youth

Fowler, Patrick J.; Henry, David B.; Schoeny, Michael; Taylor, Jeremy; Chavira, Dina

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.003

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Strategies that pair cognitive and behavioral preventive interventions may prove most effective given developmental cascades associated with housing instability (Fowler et al, 2014). Targeted and timely services depend on reliable and valid assessments of housing instability, as well as other housing problems related to child development, such as overcrowding, dilapidated conditions, and unaffordability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moves also relate with poorer educational attainment and greater likelihood of dropout (Cutuli et al, 2013; Metzger, Fowler, Anderson, & Lindsay, in press; Voight, Shinn, & Nation, 2012). Maladaptation seems especially pervasive for at-risk youth (Coley, Leventhal, Lynch, & Kull, 2013; Fowler et al, 2014; Hagan, Macmillan, Wheaton, 1996). A recent study of children born to single mothers in 20 United States cities suggests excessive mobility in the first five years of life relates to elevated externalizing problems, particularly among youth in lower income families (Ziol-Guest & McKenna, 2014).…”

Section: Housing and Child Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Response from the child welfare system represents an exosystem factor that might promote child development; socioeconomic characteristics such as caregiver highest educational achievement and household income address macrosystem influences. Importantly, models also account for individual development of co-occurring behavioral regulation shown to be related with housing instability (Fowler et al, 2014). …”

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Housing mobility and cognitive development: Change in verbal and nonverbal abilities

Fowler

McGrath

Henry

et al. 2015

Child Abuse & Neglect

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This study investigates the influence of housing instability on verbal and nonverbal cognitive development among at-risk children and adolescents involved in the child welfare system. Frequent residential changes threaten child mental health, especially among low-income families. Little is known regarding disruptions to cognitive growth, specifically the impact on verbal and nonverbal abilities. The study tests whether developmental timing of housing mobility affects cognitive development beyond individual and family risks. A nationally representative study of families (n = 2,442) susceptible to housing and family instability tracked children and adolescents aged four to 14 years (M = 8.95 years) over 36 months following investigation by the child welfare system. Youth completed standardized cognitive assessments while caregivers reported on behavior problems and family risk at three time points. Latent growth models examined change in cognitive abilities over time. Housing mobility in the 12 months prior to baseline predicts lower verbal cognitive abilities that improve marginally. Similar effects emerge for all age groups; however, frequent moves in infancy diminish the influence of subsequent housing mobility on verbal tasks. Housing instability threatened cognitive development beyond child maltreatment, family changes, poverty, and other risks. Findings inform emerging research on environmental influences on neurocognitive development, as well as identify targets for early intervention. Systematic assessment of family housing problems, including through the child welfare system, provides opportunities for coordinated responses to prevent instability and cognitive threats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Housing and Child Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Housing mobility and cognitive development: Change in verbal and nonverbal abilities

Fowler

McGrath

Henry

et al. 2015

Child Abuse & Neglect

Self Cite

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“…For example, uncleanliness and untreated illnesses that may accompany material hardship can be a source of concern for school authorities, leading to protective service reports (Reich, 2005). Similarly, residential instability in the context of economic hardship can lead to behavior problems and decrements in attendance, academic performance, and classroom engagement (Fantuzzo, LeBoeuf, Chen, Rouse, & Culhane, 2012; Fowler, Henry, Schoeny, Taylor, & Chavira, 2014; Obradovic et al, 2009; Scanlon & Devine, 2001; Voight, Shinn, & Nation, 2012), with the same outcome. Conversely, CPS involvement can lead to residential instability and material hardship.…”

Section: Homelessness and Cps Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersections of family homelessness, CPS involvement, and race in Alameda County, California

Rodriguez

Shinn

2016

Child Abuse & Neglect

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The homelessness and child protective services (CPS) systems are closely linked. This study examines the patterns and sequence of families’ involvement with homeless shelters and CPS, as well as whether involvement in each system predicts involvement in the other using linked administrative records for 258 families recruited in emergency shelters in Alameda County, California. More than half of families were reported to CPS at some point, but less than one fifth ever had a report substantiated. Reports that were uninvestigated or unfounded increased in the months leading up to shelter entry and spiked immediately afterward, but substantiations and child removals increased only later. Shelter use before study entry was associated with CPS referrals and investigations after study entry, although not with substantiated cases or child removals. However, CPS involvement before study entry was not associated with returns to shelter after study entry. These results imply that an unsubstantiated report of neglect or abuse may serve as an early warning signal for homelessness and that preventive strategies aiming to affect both homeless and child protective systems should focus on reducing homelessness. CPS workers should evaluate families’ housing needs and attempt to link families to appropriate resources. Black families were disproportionately referred to CPS after shelter entry after controlling for other family characteristics, but race was not associated with substantiations of neglect or abuse or with child removals. Findings lend modest support to human decision-making and institutional explanations of racial disproportionalities in CPS involvement, especially for reporters outside of the CPS system.

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“…James et al (2004) concluded that placement instability is disruptive, invasive, and costly. Indeed, even placement mobility (i.e., when a family moves frequently) may be a risk factor associated with externalizing behaviors, most notably when the children are preschoolers (age 4-6; Fowler, Henry, Schoeny, Taylor, & Chavira, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Placement Instability as a Risk Factor in Proximal Sexually Inappropriate and Aggressive Behaviors in a Child Welfare Sample

Prentky

Lee

Lamade

et al. 2014

Journal of Child Custody

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Developmental Timing of Housing Mobility: Longitudinal Effects on Externalizing Behaviors among At-Risk Youth

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

Housing mobility and cognitive development: Change in verbal and nonverbal abilities

Housing mobility and cognitive development: Change in verbal and nonverbal abilities

Intersections of family homelessness, CPS involvement, and race in Alameda County, California

Placement Instability as a Risk Factor in Proximal Sexually Inappropriate and Aggressive Behaviors in a Child Welfare Sample

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