Developmental Trajectories of Maladaptive Perfectionism in Middle Childhood

Hong, Ryan Y.; Lee, Stephanie S. M.; Chng, Ren Ying; Zhou, Yansong; Tsai, Fen-Fang; Tan, Siew Li

doi:10.1111/jopy.12249

Cited by 46 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Perfectionism is a construct that has received growing attention during the last decade (Ayearst et al, 2012; Lloyd et al, 2014; Sherry et al, 2014; Hong et al, 2016; Gäde et al, 2017; Schmidt et al, 2018; Bouguettaya et al, 2019; Curran and Hill, 2019). It is defined as a disposition of the personality that is characterized by the search of faultlessness and the establishment of very high levels of performance, together with excessively critical self-evaluations (Frost et al, 1990; Hewitt and Flett, 1991).…”

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Relationship Between Child Perfectionism and Psychological Disorders

et al. 2019

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Objective: Perfectionism is one of the variables related to the correct emotional development or with the appearance of clinical symptomatology in childhood. A study has been designed to evaluate the differential effect that each dimension of perfectionism (external pressure, self-exigency, and negative self-evaluation) has in a Spanish children sample of general population for each of the following clinical aspects: irritability, worthlessness feelings, thinking problems, and psychophysiological symptoms.Method: By a random cluster sampling, a total of 2,636 children from 8 to 12 years (M = 9.9, SD = 1.2; 51.3% boys) took part in this research. A serial multiple mediators model was used to check the relation between external pressure over the clinical symptoms through self-exigency and negative-self-evaluation.Results: The results have shown a predictive effect of external pressure over a great variety of clinical symptomatology (irritability, worthlessness, thinking problems, and psychophysiological symptoms), a relation mediated by self-exigency and negative self-evaluation. These relations suggest that external pressure and negative self-evaluation are maladaptive dimensions as they predict the appearance of symptomatology, being the level of self-exigency a protective dimension and favoring the child’s positive development.Conclusions: In consequence, these results point to the importance of the study of these variables that can generate difficulties in childhood in order to improve children’s quality of life and their correct development.

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confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Child Perfectionism and Psychological Disorders

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“…Moreover, in Grade 6, the high socially prescribed perfectionism class reported the highest mean depression scores when compared to the other trajectories, suggesting coupling between perfection and depression across time, which is the focus of the current study. Although informative, the analytic approach used in the Hong et al (2016) and Herman et al (2013) studies does not provide an examination of the dynamic linkage between depression symptoms and perfectionism over time. With this limitation in mind, we sought to model the joint course of depression and socially prescribed perfectionism so as to provide a more detailed and perhaps more realistic representation of the underlying associations and degree of overlap between the two longitudinal outcomes or processes (Nagin & Tremblay, 2001; Xie, McHugo, He, & Drake, 2009).…”

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“…We expected that symptoms of depression would be characterized by a no or low stable symptom group, a high stable group, an increasing group, and a high decreasing group, based on previous findings (Costello et al, 2008; Yaroslavsky et al, 2013). In terms of socially prescribed perfectionism, we expected to identify at least a high stable and a low stable group of socially prescribed perfectionism based on previous studies (Herman et al, 2013; Hong et al, 2016). Regarding joint trajectory group membership, we expected that a high-risk dual trajectory (i.e., high or rising depression and high socially prescribed perfectionism) would be found.…”

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Joint trajectories of depression and perfectionism across adolescence and childhood risk factors

Vaillancourt

Haltigan

2017

Dev Psychopathol

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The codevelopment of symptoms of depression and socially prescribed perfectionism across adolescence (age 12-17) and non-age-overlapping childhood predictors (age 10-11) of joint trajectory group membership were examined in a sample of 700 Canadian youth. Results indicated that most adolescents (75.8%) followed a trajectory of low depression symptoms (low stable), whereas 15.7% followed an increasing trajectory (increasing), and 8.5% followed a trajectory that began high and decreased over time (high decreasing). More girls than boys were found in the increasing and high decreasing depression trajectories. Adolescents followed three distinct trajectories of socially prescribed perfectionism: 41.6% were in a low stable group, 40.5% in a moderate increasing group, and 17.9% in a high increasing group. Eight percent followed a high-risk dual trajectory of increasing depression and high increasing socially prescribed perfectionism. This joint trajectory was predicted by being bullied, anxious, and relationally aggressive (compared to the low-risk trajectory of low stable depression and perfectionism) at ages 10 and 11. These same predictors, along with poorer family functioning and lower family income, differentiated the joint high decreasing depression/high increasing perfectionism group from the low/low joint group, which comprised of 3.8% of the sample. The developmental progression was best characterized as depression leading to socially prescribed perfectionism. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.

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“…For example, if a child fails an exam, a parent with a more negative cognitive style might attribute this failure to their own failures as a parent, or to the child. Parents who think more negatively about themselves and their circumstances might also be more critical or intrusive in how they interact with their children, which can lead to higher levels of offspring self‐criticalness (Hong et al., ). An absence of parental modelling of positive ways of coping with stressors might also lead to the development of negative cognitive styles in offspring.…”

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The association between paternal depressogenic cognitive styles during pregnancy and offspring depressogenic cognitive styles: an 18‐year prospective cohort study

Wen

Pearson

2017

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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BackgroundPreventing the development of depressogenic or negative cognitive styles could also prevent the development of depression, a leading public health problem worldwide. Maternal negative cognitive styles are a modifiable risk factor for the development of negative cognitive styles in offspring. However, evidence on the role of paternal negative cognitive styles is inconclusive and there have only been a few small studies, which may also have lacked statistical power.MethodsWe used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to investigate the association between paternal negative cognitive styles, measured when mothers were 18 weeks pregnant, and offspring negative cognitive styles 18 years later (N = 6,123). Associations were calculated using linear regression models, before and after adjustment for confounders including maternal negative cognitive styles. We compared associations before and after controlling for depression in parents and offspring, and used multiple imputation to reduce biases that may have arisen due to missing data.ResultsA two‐standard deviation increase in paternal negative cognitive style was associated with a 3‐point increase in offspring negative cognitive style (95% CI 1.36–4.37). This association remained after adjustment for confounders and was independent of depression in both parents and offspring. The effect size was equivalent to that of maternal negative cognitive style, and was also independent of maternal negative cognitive style.ConclusionsOur results suggest that fathers should be included in individual‐ and family‐based interventions designed to prevent the development of depressogenic cognitive styles in adolescent offspring. This could possibly also prevent the development of depression.

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Developmental Trajectories of Maladaptive Perfectionism in Middle Childhood

Cited by 46 publications

References 65 publications

Relationship Between Child Perfectionism and Psychological Disorders

Relationship Between Child Perfectionism and Psychological Disorders

Joint trajectories of depression and perfectionism across adolescence and childhood risk factors

The association between paternal depressogenic cognitive styles during pregnancy and offspring depressogenic cognitive styles: an 18‐year prospective cohort study

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