Developments and Properties of Reinforced Silicone Rubber Nanocomposites

Srivastava, Suneel Kumar; Pradhan, B.

doi:10.1002/9781118938478.ch7

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Silicone (polyorganosiloxane) consists of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms (siloxane units) with hydrocarbon side radicals combined directly with silicon [ 129 , 130 , 131 ]. The characteristics of the Si-O-Si bond, large bond length (0.163 nm), bond angle (130°) and bond energy (445 kJ/mol) provide SR with superior performance properties including excellent chemical resistance, good electrical insulation capacity, high elasticity, excellent thermal, ultraviolet and ozone stability, high weathering resistance and very low glass transition temperature (T g ≈ −120 °C), as well as biocompatibility [ 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 ]. SR foams combine the characteristics of silicone rubber and foam materials such as good resilience, high thermal stability, shape conformity, low density and light weight [ 136 ].…”

Section: Rubber Foaming Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams

Rostami‐Tapeh‐Esmaeil

Vahidifar

Esmizadeh

et al. 2021

Polymers

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With the ever-increasing development in science and technology, as well as social awareness, more requirements are imposed on the production and property of all materials, especially polymeric foams. In particular, rubber foams, compared to thermoplastic foams in general, have higher flexibility, resistance to abrasion, energy absorption capabilities, strength-to-weight ratio and tensile strength leading to their widespread use in several applications such as thermal insulation, energy absorption, pressure sensors, absorbents, etc. To control the rubber foams microstructure leading to excellent physical and mechanical properties, two types of parameters play important roles. The first category is related to formulation including the rubber (type and grade), as well as the type and content of accelerators, fillers, and foaming agents. The second category is associated to processing parameters such as the processing method (injection, extrusion, compression, etc.), as well as different conditions related to foaming (temperature, pressure and number of stage) and curing (temperature, time and precuring time). This review presents the different parameters involved and discusses their effect on the morphological, physical, and mechanical properties of rubber foams. Although several studies have been published on rubber foams, very few papers reviewed the subject and compared the results available. In this review, the most recent works on rubber foams have been collected to provide a general overview on different types of rubber foams from their preparation to their final application. Detailed information on formulation, curing and foaming chemistry, production methods, morphology, properties, and applications is presented and discussed.

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Section: Rubber Foaming Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams

Rostami‐Tapeh‐Esmaeil

Vahidifar

Esmizadeh

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…SR are one of the most important functional polymers, which have received considerable interest owing to their unique properties, e.g., excellent physical, chemical, and thermal stability, low glass transition temperature, clarity; biocompatibility, nonreactivity; and, low surface energy [ 18 ]. Poly(dimethylsiloxane), also referred as PDMS, is a silicon-based organic polymer that is composed of a repeating [SiO(CH 3 ) 2 ] unit and exists in rubber state at room temperature, as its glass transition temperature is less than −120 °C.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Rubber Nanocomposites Of Carbon mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elastomers, according to the general IUPAC definition, are polymers that exhibit rubber-like elasticity. They find extensive applications in a variety of commercial as well as domestic products [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The most common examples of these elastomers are natural rubber (NR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocarbon Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites: Detailed Insights about Mechanical, Dynamical Mechanical Properties, Payne, and Mullin Effects

Srivastava

Mishra

2018

Nanomaterials

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The reinforcing ability of the fillers results in significant improvements in properties of polymer matrix at extremely low filler loadings as compared to conventional fillers. In view of this, the present review article describes the different methods used in preparation of different rubber nanocomposites reinforced with nanodimensional individual carbonaceous fillers, such as graphene, expanded graphite, single walled carbon nanotubes, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphite oxide, graphene oxide, and hybrid fillers consisting combination of individual fillers. This is followed by review of mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, Young modulus, and fracture toughness) and dynamic mechanical properties (glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, melting point) of these rubber nanocomposites. Finally, Payne and Mullin effects have also been reviewed in rubber filled with different carbon based nanofillers.

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“…3 In addition, these materials also tend to have good chemical stability, low toxicity, optical clarity, and oxidative resistance. 4 Because of their versatility, PDMS polymers, typically in the form of high molar mass fluids or cross-linked network elastomers, have been used in many research and commercial applications, such as sealants, microfluidics, potting compounds, electronic encapsulants, 5 microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), 6 insulators, medical devices, 7 and cushions. 8 Unmodified polysiloxane networks generally possess poor mechanical properties, exhibiting low tensile strength and minimal elongation prior to breakage; they tend to be brittle and typically fail easily under shear or compression.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR Methodologies for the Detection and Quantification of Nanostructural Defects in Silicone Networks

et al. 2018

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We present and discuss a sensitive spectroscopic means of detecting and quantifying network defects within a series of polysiloxane elastomers through a novel application of 19F solution state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Polysiloxanes are the most utilized non-carbon polymeric material today. Their final network structure is complex, hierarchical, and often ill-defined due to modification. Characterization of these materials with respect to starting and age-dependent network structure is obfuscated by the intractable nature of polysiloxane network elastomers. We report a synthetic strategy for selectively tagging chain-end silanols with an organofluorine compound, which may then be conveniently and quantitatively measured as a function of structure and environment by means of 19F NMR. This study represents a new and sensitive means of directly quantifying aspects of network architecture in polysiloxane materials and has the potential to be a powerful new tool for the spectroscopic assessment of structural dynamic response in polysiloxane networks.

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Developments and Properties of Reinforced Silicone Rubber Nanocomposites

Cited by 9 publications

References 155 publications

Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams

Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams

Nanocarbon Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites: Detailed Insights about Mechanical, Dynamical Mechanical Properties, Payne, and Mullin Effects

NMR Methodologies for the Detection and Quantification of Nanostructural Defects in Silicone Networks

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